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What is a Prokaryote?

What is a Prokaryote?. Bacteria. What is a Eukaryote?. What MUST all cells (Eukaryotes & Prokaryotes) have? 4 Things:. Cell Wall Chloroplasts Large Vacuole. List the 3 parts of the Cell Theory. Cells are the basic unit of life Cells come from existing cells

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What is a Prokaryote?

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  1. What is a Prokaryote?

  2. Bacteria

  3. What is a Eukaryote?

  4. What MUST all cells (Eukaryotes & Prokaryotes) have? 4 Things:

  5. Cell Wall • Chloroplasts • Large Vacuole

  6. List the 3 parts of the Cell Theory Cells are the basic unit of life Cells come from existing cells All living things are made of 1 or more cells

  7. Who invented the microscope and saw the first living cells in pond water and called them “wee beasties?” Leeuwenhoek

  8. Who saw cork and named the chambers “Cells”? Hooke Sounds like cork!

  9. What did Schleiden say? What did Schwann say? Schwann claimed that all animals are made of cells. Think: Schwann sounds like Swan the animal Schleiden claimed that all plants are made of cells. Think: Schlidin’ down the vine and vines are plants

  10. Who claimed that all cells must come from existing cells (reproduce)? Virchow “Vircow” Way to Remember: Cows come from cows Cells come from cells

  11. Who did this experiment and did he believe in biogenesis or abiogenesis? Redi - Biogenesis

  12. Who did this experiment and did he believe in biogenesis or abiogenesis? Needham – Abiogenesis He needed more information on how to do a good experiment

  13. Who did this experiment and did he believe in biogenesis or abiogenesis? Pasteur - Biogenesis

  14. What determines the shape of a cell? The cell’s FUNCTION!

  15. What are the four levels of cell organization starting from the cell?

  16. White

  17. What is the semi-permeable, phospholipid bilayer (contains lipids and proteins) that regulates what goes in and out of a cell? Cell Membrane

  18. What is the hard covering of the plant cell called? Cell Wall

  19. What does the cell wall do for a plant cell?

  20. What 3 things pass through the cell membrane or cell wall easily? Diffusion Osmosis Diffusion

  21. What is located in the cell membrane to selectively allow things into and out of the cell? Proteins & Protein Channels

  22. Cytoplasm

  23. What is the control center of the cell? NUCLEUS

  24. What is the organelle that is inside the nucleus and makes ribosomes? Nucleolus

  25. What is the genetic material that is inside the nucleus called when it is threadlike? Chromatin(Hint: looks like spaghetti) What is the genetic material inside the nucleus called when it has condensed and preparing for cell division? Chromosome

  26. What covers the outside of the nucleus and what are the holes called to allow ribosomes and RNA out? Nuclear Membrane and Nuclear Pores

  27. What is the organelle that makes energy for the cell? What cells have it? Mitochondria Plant & Animal

  28. What makes proteins in the cell? Hint:

  29. What organelle makes food by photosynthesis for the plant cell? Chloroplasts

  30. What are chloroplasts, leukoplasts, and chromoplasts called? Plastids

  31. What is the large sac in a plant cell and small sac in an animal called that holds water and used for storage? VACUOLE

  32. What digests and gets rid of unwanted things inside of the cell?

  33. What is the organelle that is a folded membrane and moves material throughout the cell such as proteins, lipids, or carbohydrates? Transportation of Proteins Transportation of Lipids & Carbs

  34. What is the organelle that packages and wraps materials to transport out of cell? Hint: Think of sending a gold necklace to your friend through the mail. Golgi Bodies or Apparatus

  35. Cilia Flagella

  36. TRANSPORTING PARTICLES ACROSS THE CELL MEMBRANE

  37. TRANSPORTING PARTICLES ACROSS THE CELL MEMBRANE

  38. TRANSPORTING PARTICLES ACROSS THE CELL MEMBRANE What is the transportation of particles across the cell membrane called that does NOTNEED ENERGY but NEEDS A PROTEIN CHANNEL?

  39. TRANSPORTING PARTICLES ACROSS THE CELL MEMBRANE What is the transportation of particles across the cell membrane from low to high concentration called that DOES NEED ENERGY (ATP) and NEEDS A PROTEIN CHANNEL? ACTIVE TRANSPORT

  40. TRANSPORTING PARTICLES ACROSS THE CELL MEMBRANE What is the transportation of particles into the cell called when the particle is too big to fit through the protein channel? Hint: Enters cell

  41. TRANSPORTING PARTICLES ACROSS THE CELL MEMBRANE What is the transportation of particles out of the cell called when the particle is too big to fit through the protein channel? Hint: Exits cell

  42. TRANSPORTING PARTICLES ACROSS THE CELL MEMBRANE Endocytosis and Exocytosis (moving big particles in or out of the cell) is also called _______ ________. Bulk Transport

  43. Stays the same

  44. Cell Shrinks

  45. Cell Swells and could Burst

  46. Remember: Water moves from the lowsolute side to the higher solute side trying to equal the concentrations on both sides

  47. Name the 3 reasons cells cannot be the size of a basketball. Geometry: Volume increases faster than Surface area Practical aspects: Nucleus can’t handle that big of a job. Specialization: Lots of smaller cells that do the same function can work together to perform a big job.

  48. Be able to identify the organelles in plant and animal cells from various pictures!!!!

  49. Be able to identify which organelles belong to Plant, Animal, orProkaryotic Cells !

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