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Virtualization with Windows 2008 Hyper-V

Virtualization with Windows 2008 Hyper-V. PDI 2009 Lance Baatz and Jason Huitt ACNS. Agenda. Introduction Hyper-V Architecture Installing Hyper-V and creating Virtual Machines using Hyper-V Manager System Center Virtual Machine Manager Our (ACNS’s) Setup Questions.

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Virtualization with Windows 2008 Hyper-V

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  1. Virtualization with Windows 2008 Hyper-V PDI 2009 Lance Baatz and Jason Huitt ACNS

  2. Agenda • Introduction • Hyper-V Architecture • Installing Hyper-V and creating Virtual Machines using Hyper-V Manager • System Center Virtual Machine Manager • Our (ACNS’s) Setup • Questions To get the most out of this session, please feel free to jump in with your questions at any time.

  3. What is Hyper-V? • Hyper-V is Microsoft’s hypervisor • Type 1 “bare-metal” as opposed to Type 2 “hosted” • Included as a beta in RTM Server 2008 • Officially released on June 26, 2008 as an update • Free “Hyper-V Server 2008” released Oct. 1 2008 • Hyper-V is a “Role” available for enabling • 64-bit versions of 2008 Enterprise and Datacenter • Requires x64-based Intel VT or AMD-V processors • DEP and Virtualization must be enabled in BIOS • “It provides simple partitioning functionality and is responsible for maintaining strong isolation between partitions. It has an inherently secure architecture with minimal attack surface, as it does not contain any third-party device drivers.” • - Microsoft

  4. Versions and Licensing • Windows Server 2008 x64 • Datacenter: Unlimited Windows-based Guest VMs • Enterprise: Maximum of four Windows-based Guest VMs running at any one time • CALs are required regardless of server OS version • Server 2008 Server Core • Hyper-V is supported, however… • Initial Setup and Configuration • Troubleshooting • Lack of a GUI for network configuration is unpleasant • Our recommendation: avoid Server Core for Hyper-V until you are very familiar with each moving part

  5. Hardware Recommendations • Obtain as much horsepower as possible • RAM….lots of it • You cannot commit more memory to VMs than physically exists in the host machine • 2 NICs • Dedicated NIC for host • Dedicated NIC for Hyper-V • Storage • Depends on purpose of the system

  6. A Shallow Dive into Hyper-V’s(Virtual) Physics • Windows NT Architecture • Virtual Server 2005 • Server 2008 without Hyper-V • Server 2008 with Hyper-V • VMWare Comparison • Hardware Presented to Guest OS • Hyper-V Networking

  7. Windows NT Architecture

  8. Virtual Server 2005

  9. I/O in Virtual Server 2005

  10. Server 2008 with Hyper-V

  11. I/O in an “Enlightened” Guest OS

  12. I/O in an “Unenlightened” Guest OS

  13. To be fair, a look at VMWare… • Dedicated underlying OS • Requires custom device drivers • Potential advantages: • Provides support for virtualizing USB devices • Supports memory overcommit • Potential disadvantages: • Supports memory overcommit • Much more expensive than Hyper-V for production system • Moves away from “Microsoft across the board…”

  14. VMWare Architecture

  15. What Hardware is visible to the Hyper-V Guest OS? • Chipset • Intel 440BX • CPU • Based on the host CPU, selections made in System Center Virtual Machine Manager • BIOS • AMI BIOS • Video • S3 Trio 32/64 with 4MB of video memory • Memory • As much as you allocate – cannot allocate more than physically present on host PC • Input Devices • PS/2 Mouse and Keyboard • Floppy Drives • Up to two 1.44MB 3.5" floppy drives • IDE Controllers • Two channels, each of which supports up to two devices each (up to four IDE total devices) • SCSI Controllers • Up to four Adaptec 2940 SCSI Controllers (each supports up to 7 devices; 28 devices total) • Network Interfaces • DEC/Intel 21140 10/100Mb network interface cards

  16. Networking with Hyper-V • Easy in practice, can be difficult to conceptualize • In other words, take it slow and methodically & document! • Best practice: dedicate a NIC for management • Hyper-V supports 802.11Q – VLAN Tagging • Allows support for multiple IP subnets on a single wire • Can eliminate the need for a NIC on every network • Three types of Hyper-V networks • External – Provides direct access to physical network • Internal – Isolated within host, between VMs and host • Private – Isolated within host, no access from host OS

  17. Types of Adapters • Legacy Network Adapter (Emulated) • Basic NIC presented to an “unenlightened” guest • Supports PXE boot for Remote Installation Services • Support for this NIC in WinPE by default • Basic OS support going back to Windows 95 • “Enhanced” Network Adapter • Requires Integration Components for OS to use • No PXE boot • Much faster performance • Driver included in Server 2008 / Vista by default

  18. Sample Dual NIC ConfigurationExternal Network

  19. NetworkingBefore Adding Hyper-V Role…

  20. NetworkingAfter Hyper-V Role – Virtual Switch

  21. NetworkingAfter Hyper-V Role - NIC

  22. Hyper-V in Practice

  23. Enable Hyper-V Role from Server Manager

  24. Hyper-V Manager • Create and Manage Virtual Machines • Add disks, networks, etc. • Set automatic start and stop options • Snapshots • Create Virtual Hard Disks • Fixed vs Dynamically Expanding • Fixed disks must be created prior to a virtual machine being created • Manage Virtual Networks • Connect to Virtual Machines

  25. Hyper-V Manager • Install “Integration Components” aka “Integration Services” • Allows for better user experience when connecting to VMs and “enlightens” the Guest Virtual Machine • Integration Components are already installed in Vista and Server 2008 • Integration Components exist for XP, Server 2003, and several flavors of Linux • Build “library” of VHDs • Create Virtual Machine, install software, sysprep, shutdown, and copy VHD to “library” • Demonstration…

  26. Systems Center Virtual Machine Manager 2008 • Capable of managing Hyper-V and newer VMWare deployments • P2V (Physical to Virtual) conversions • Catalogs Virtual Machine deployments across servers and simplifies the process of moving VMs from one host to another • Provides a management interface for virtualization resources - VHDs, hardware configs, etc… • Integrates nicely with Operations Manager • Including performance and resource optimization monitoring

  27. Systems Center Virtual Machine Manager 2008 • Heads Ups: • Install on a dedicated server • Install Hyper-V role on VMM server • Requires SQL Server • Still need to use Hyper-V Manager for some things • Creating VHDs • Installing Integration Services • Demonstration…

  28. ACNS Deployment • Three Production Hyper-V Hosts • Two stand alone host servers • One 3-node cluster • Requires shared storage, currently using iSCSI • Virtualized Servers/Services • Single-purpose servers • Test environments • No plans to virtualize Exchange or production SQL Server services

  29. ACNS DeploymentHyper-V Backups • Currently being done at the “guest” • Future Options: • Data Protection Manager • EqualLogic tools

  30. In conclusion…

  31. Questions? Remember to fill out the evaluations!! Jason HuittJason.Huitt@Colostate.edu Lance Baatz Lance.Baatz@Colostate.edu

  32. References • "Mark Russinovich: On Working at Microsoft, Windows Server 2008 Kernel, MinWinvsServerCore, HyperV", MSDN Channel 9, Dec. 14, 2007: http://channel9.msdn.com/shows/Going+Deep/Mark-Russinovich-On-Working-at-Microsoft-Windows-Server-2008-Kernel-MinWin-vs-ServerCore-HyperV/ • "Inside Windows Server 2008 Kernel Changes", Mark Russinovich, TechNet Magazine, March 2008: http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/magazine/2008.03.kernel.aspx • "How is Windows Hyper-V different from the old Virtual Server Application", Ido Goldberg, 2008-09-23, Microsoft: http://blogs.microsoft.co.il/blogs/idogold/archive/2008/09/23/how-is-windows-hyper-v-different-from-the-old-virtual-server-application.aspx • "Understanding Networking with Hyper-V", Ben Armstrong, 2008-01-08, MSDN Blogs: http://blogs.msdn.com/virtual_pc_guy/archive/2008/01/08/understanding-networking-with-hyper-v.aspx • "How does basic networking work in Hyper-V?", John Howard, 2008-06-16, Microsoft Technet: http://blogs.technet.com/jhoward/archive/2008/06/16/how-does-basic-networking-work-in-hyper-v.aspx • "WinHEC 2006 Presentation slides are available online", John Howard, 2006-06-14, Microsoft TechNet: http://blogs.technet.com/virtualization/archive/2006/06/14/WinHEC-2006-Slides.aspx • "Hypervisor Top Level Functional Specification v1.0.docx", Microsoft, 2008-12-05: http://www.microsoft.com/downloads/details.aspx?FamilyID=91e2e518-c62c-4ff2-8e50-3a37ea4100f5&displaylang=en • "Virtualization with Hyper-V: Technical Resources", Microsoft: http://www.microsoft.com/windowsserver2008/en/us/hyperv-technical-resources.aspx • "Configuring Virtual Networks", Microsoft TechNet: http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc816585.aspx • Download the Hyper-V Management Console for Vista here: http://support.microsoft.com/kb/952627

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