Physics Concepts Explained: Speed, Motion, and Forces

1. IPS Review (Ch8-Ch14) 2nd Semester (Physics)

2. If you jog for 1 hour and travel 10km, 10km/h describes your____ • momentum • average speed • displacement • acceleration CHAPTER 8

3. ___________ is speed in a certain direction. • acceleration • Friction • Momentum • Velocity CHAPTER 8

4. Which of the following objects is not accelerating? • A ball being juggled • A woman walking at 2.5 m/s along a straight road • a satellite circling Earth • A braking cyclist CHAPTER 8

5. The Newton is a measure of _____. • Mass • Length • Force • Acceleration CHAPTER 8

6. _____ is a force that opposes the motion between two objects in contact with each other. • Motion • Friction • Acceleration • Velocity CHAPTER 8

7. Automobile seat belts are necessary for safety because of a passenger’s____. • Inertia • Weight • Speed • gravity CHAPTER 8

8. The winner of the shot-put event in the Olympics is the person who best uses: • Newton’s first law • Newton’s second law • Air resistance • The law of gravity CHAPTER 8

9. An example involving action-reaction forces is _____. • Air escaping from a toy balloon • A rocket traveling through the air • A ball bouncing off a wall • All of the above CHAPTER 8

10. _____ is defined as force acting over a distance. • power • Energy • Work • Potential energy CHAPTER 9

11. The quantity that measures how much a machine multiplies force is called: • Mechanical advantage • Leverage • Efficiency • Power CHAPTER 9

12. Scissors are an example of ____. • A lever • A wedge • A wheel and axle • A compound machine CHAPTER 9

13. The unit that measures 1 J of work done each second is the ____. • Power • Newton • Watt • Mechanical advantage CHAPTER 9

14. Joules could be used to measure: • The work done in lifting a bowling ball • The potential energy of a bowling ball held in the air • The kinetic energy of a rolling bowling ball • All of the above CHAPTER 9

15. Which of the following situations does not involve potential energy being changed into kinetic energy? • An apple falling from a tree • Shooting a dart from a spring-loaded gun • Pulling back on the string of a bow • A creek flowing downstream CHAPTER 9

16. ______ is determined by both mass and velocity. • work • Power • Potential energy • Momentum • Kinetic energy CHAPTER 9

17. Energy that does not involve the large-scale motion or position of objects in a system is called ____. • Potential energy • Mechanical energy • Non-mechanical energy • Conserved energy CHAPTER 9

18. The law of conservation of energy states that _____. • The energy of a system is always decreasing • No machine is 100 percent efficient • Energy is neither lost nor created • Earth has limited energy resources CHAPTER 9

19. Waves that need a medium in which to travel are called _____. • Longitudinal waves • Transverse waves • Mechanical waves • All of the above CHAPTER 11

20. Most waves are caused by ____. • Velocity • Amplitude • A vibration • Earthquakes CHAPTER 11

21. For which type of waves do particles in the medium vibrate perpendicularly to the direction in which the waves are traveling? • Transverse waves • Longitudinal waves • P waves • None of the above CHAPTER 11

22. A sound wave is an example of _____. • An electromagnetic wave • A transverse wave • A longitudinal wave • A surface wave CHAPTER 11

23. In an ocean wave, the molecules of water _____. • Move perpendicularly to the direction of wave travel • Move parallel to the direction of wave travel • Move in circles • Don’t move at all CHAPTER 11

24. Half the vertical distance between the crest and trough of a wave is called the _______. • frequency • crest • wavelength • amplitude CHAPTER 11

25. The number of waves passing a given point each second is called the_________ • frequency • Wave speed • wavelength • amplitude CHAPTER 11

26. The Doppler effect of a passing siren results from an apparent change in_____ • loudness • Wave speed • frequency • interference CHAPTER 11

27. The combining of waves as they meet is known as____ • A crest • noise • interference • The Doppler effect CHAPTER 11

28. Wave bends when they pass through an opening. This is called________ • interference • diffraction • refraction • The Doppler effect CHAPTER 11

29. All sound waves are___ • Longitudinal waves • Transverse waves • Electromagnetic waves • Standing waves CHAPTER 12

30. The speed of sound depends on______ • The temp. of the medium • The density of the medium • How well the particles of the medium transfer energy • All of the above CHAPTER 12

31. A sonar device can use the echoes of ultra-sound under water to find the________ • Speed of sound • Depth of the water • Temperature of the water • Height of the waves on a surface CHAPTER 12

32. During a thunderstorm, you see lightning before you hear thunder because_____ • The thunder occurs after the lightning • The thunder is farther away than the lightning • Sound travels faster than light • Light travels faster than sound CHAPTER 12

33. The speed of light_____ • Depends on the medium • Is faster in a vacuum • Is the fastest speed in the universe • All of the above CHAPTER 12

34. Which of the following forms of light has the most energy? • X rays • microwaves • Infrared light • Ultraviolet light CHAPTER 12

35. Light can be modeled as_____ • Electromagnetic waves • A stream of particles called photons • Rays that travel in straight lines • All of the above CHAPTER 12

36. The energy of light is proportional to____ • amplitude • wavelength • frequency • The speed of light CHAPTER 12

37. A flat mirror forms an image that is___ • Smaller than the object • Larger than the object • virtual • real CHAPTER 12

38. Which of the following wavelengths of visible light bends the most when passing through a prism? • red • yellow • Green • blue CHAPTER 12

39. Which of the following particles is electrically neutral? • A proton • An electron • A hydrogen atom • A hydrogen ion CHAPTER 13

40. Which of the following is not an example of charging by friction? • Sliding over a plastic-covered car seat • Scraping food from a metal bowl with a metal spoon • Walking across a woolen carpet • Brushing dry hair with a plastic comb CHAPTER 13

41. The electric force force between two objects depends on all of the following except______. • The distance between the objects • The electric charge of the first object • How the two objects became electrically charged • The electric charge of the second object CHAPTER 13

42. A positive charge placed in the electric field of a second positive charge will ______ • Experience a repulsive force • Accelerate away from the second positive charge • Have greater electrical potential energy when near the second charge than when farther away • All of the above CHAPTER 13

43. An electric current does not exist in ______. • A closed circuit • A series circuit • A parallel circuit • An open circuit CHAPTER 13

44. Which of the following schematic diagrams represent circuits that cannot have current in them as drawn. • A • B • C • D • B & D • A & B • C & D CHAPTER 13

45. Which of the following can help prevent a circuit from overloading? • A fuse • A switch • A circuit breaker • Both A & C CHAPTER 13

46. A 1.5 V battery is connected to a small light bulb with a resistance of 3.5 Ω. What is the current in the bulb? • 0.5 A • 1.3 A • 2.3 A • 0.43 A CHAPTER 13

47. The current in a resistor is 0.50 A when connected across a voltage of 120 V. What is the resistance? • .004 Ω • 240 Ω • 500 Ω • .056 Ω CHAPTER 13

48. If the poles of two magnets repel each other, _____ • Both poles must be south poles • Both poles must be north poles • One pole is a south pole and the other is a north pole • The poles are the same type CHAPTER 14

49. The part of the magnet where the magnetic field and forces are strongest is called a magnetic ____ • field • pole • attraction • repulsion CHAPTER 14

50. An object’s ability to generate a magnetic field depends on its ____ • size • location • composition • direction CHAPTER 14