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The Golgi Body

The Golgi Body. Discovery. Named after Camillo Golgi He was an Italian biologist who discovered the organelle with a light microscope in 1897. Structure. Located near the end of the ER close to the nucleus Composed of several layers of cisternae (fluid-filled sacs)

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The Golgi Body

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  1. The Golgi Body

  2. Discovery • Named after Camillo Golgi • He was an Italian biologist who discovered the organelle with a light microscope in 1897

  3. Structure • Located near the end of the ER close to the nucleus • Composed of several layers of cisternae (fluid-filled sacs) • Has 3 different parts: cis-Golgi, medial-Golgi, and trans-Golgi

  4. Function • Is responsible for modifying, sorting, and packaging macromolecules (lipids proteins, and carbs) coming from the ER • Then sends the modified macro-molecules to different parts of the cell or outside of the cell • Can be thought of as a post office for a cell

  5. Transport & Secretory Vesicles • Transport vesicles are used to move back and forth between the ER and Golgi bodies • One side of the Golgi body receives transport vesicles produced by the ER • The Golgi body marks and sorts the molecules into different groups to be sent in secretory vesicles inside or outside of the cell

  6. Protein Modification • Proteins going to organelles or outside of the cell must be modified so that they are delivered • Modifications happen when specific sugar molecules are added to a core oligosaccharide that is attached to a protein • These sugar molecules are required for proper delivery

  7. Example • One example is Mannose 6-phosphate which is important in glycolysis • Enzymes synthesized in the ER are delivered to the Golgi body via a transport vesicle, and in the cis-face specific sugars are added to the protein • Eventually, once the enzyme has arrived at the trans-face, it has the required Mannose 6-phosphate • Receptors receive the enzyme, it is transported via a vesicle, and when it arrives at the endosome, the enzyme is released and the phosphate removed

  8. Sources Research • https://www.etap.org/demo/biology1/instruction5tutor.html • http://www.nndb.com/people/732/000125357/ • http://www.tutorvista.com/biology/golgi-apparatus-organelle • http://creationrevolution.com/2010/11/golgi-apparatus-steel-industry-of-the-simple-cell-%E2%80%93-part-6/ • http://www.michellehenry.fr/mail.htm • http://academic.brooklyn.cuny.edu/biology/bio4fv/page/endosys2.htm • http://plantphys.info/plant_physiology/basiccytology1.shtml • http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK28442/figure/A3170/?report=objectonly • Campbell, Neil A., Lawrence G. Mitchell, Jane B. Reece. Biology Concepts & Connections, 3rd ed. San Francisco: Benjamin/Cummings, 2000. • http://www.biologyreference.com/Fo-Gr/Golgi.html • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=u38LjCOvDZU&feature&p=F28B074D1CB933A7&index=0&playnext=1 Pictures

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