Hallucinogen

1. Hallucinogen Peyote/Mescaline

2. What is peyote? Peyote Is a Hallucinogen that comes from a plant Root. Peyote alters the users perception of the real world. Because Peyote is a schedule 1 drug it illegal and is only used by the Native American tribes in the Southwest.

3. What is Peyote • Peyote is one of the oldest psychedelic agents known. • Peyote is spineless cactus in which the active ingredient is mescaline. This plant has been used by natives in Mexico and the southwestern part of the United States as a part of religious ceremonies. • Mescaline or Peyote comes from the plant know as Lophophorawilliamsii.

4. What is Peyote • Peyote causes hallucinations, which distorts a person’s perception. Under the influence of hallucinogens, people see false reality, hear, and feel sensations. Peyote alters the users perception of the real world. It disturbs all the sensory inputs the body has. Peyote can also change the time and space of the user and this is usually referred to as tripping. Each trip varies from the user, the high can be usually really good or really bad. Reality and a false reality is usually mixed up in the users mind.

5. What is Peyote • Mescaline or Peyote is structurally similar to the catecholamine neurotransmitters, dopamine, norepinephrine and serotonin are affected.

6. Mescaline • Mescaline comes in form of powder, a tablet, a capsule, or liquid.

7. Schedule 1 • Schedule I drugs have a high tendency for abuse and have no accepted medical use. • Pharmacies do not sell Schedule I drugs, and they are not available with a prescription by physician.

8. History of Peyote/Native American Use

9. History • Aztecs of Pre Columbian Mexico who considered the cactus magical and divine often used it. Peyote use then spread from Mexico to North America. Then to other Native American groups, who used it to treat illnesses, communicate with spirits, and for religious ceremonies. • In 1918, the Native American Church was formed to preserve their right to use peyote.

10. History • Peyote was first banned by Europeans in the early 16th Century because of the frightening behavior it caused in users. • By 1922, there were an estimated 13,000-22,000 ceremonial users of peyote in the U.S. alone. • By 1930 over a dozen states had outlawed possession of the drug. • Studies were conducted on peyote/mescaline during the 20th Century. No useful medical application of the drug was found. • Peyote/mescaline was banned in the U.S. in 1967 and placed on Schedule I in 1970.

11. Methods of Use

12. Peyote contains buttons that are cut from the root and dried • Orally • Soaked in water • Smoked

13. Acute Effects

14. Acute Effects • Numbness • Tension • Anxiety • Rapid reflexes • Muscle twitches • Weakness • Impaired motor coordination • Dizziness • Trembling • Dilation of the pupils • Increased blood pressure and heart rate • Appetite suppression • Chills and sweating • Control of behavior • Moodiness • Hunger • Sensory perception.

15. Chronic Effects

16. memory loss, mood swings and forgetfulness also flashbacks will occur with long term users in familiar settings. • learning functions, loss of pain, and their response to the environment.

17. Currently no physical dependence or psychological dependence has be reported, although may be possible. • Tolerance to peyote rapidly with daily use and may induce "cross-tolerance" to other drugs like LSD and Psilocybin

18. How Peyote Effects the Brain

19. People using peyote also have intense mood swing because, of rapid serotonin throughout the brain. • Serotonin is affected and that neurotransmitter is responsible for your mood and you’re learning ability and memory function.

20. Sources Cited http://www.drugabuse.gov/publications/infofacts/hallucinogens-lsd-peyote-psilocybin-pcp http://www.peyote.net/ http://www.cesar.umd.edu/cesar/drugs/peyote.pdf http://teens.drugabuse.gov/mom/mom_hal1.php