Historical connection with: Holland , Italy ,France ,Hungary, Turkey

1. Historical connection with: Holland , Italy ,France ,Hungary, Turkey

2. Romanian War of Independence is the name used in Romanian historiography United Principalities participation in the Russo-Turkish War of 1877-1878. After the war, Romania gained independence from the Ottoman Empire. Connections between Romania and the Ottoman Empire have their origins in the common history of the two nations who lived together through the ages in the same geographical area. After 1878, when Romania and Turkey have become examples of friendship, in the 134 years of diplomatic relations, the two countries have built a strong partnership focused on common experience able to facilitate understanding of the problems facing the region. In 1934, when Turkey was led by Mustafa Kemal Ataturk, Romania along with Turkey, Yugoslavia and Greece were the Balkan Entente, a year after Titulescu Romanian Foreign Minister and Turkish Foreign Minister Rustu Aras signed in Ankara "Treaty of Friendship, Non-aggression, Arbitration and Conciliation between Romania and Turkey ".

3. This tradition is reflected and influenced the relaunch of Romania and Turkey after 1989, which witnessed an ever upward. Turkey has consistently supported the candidacy of Romania to NATO, Romania's participation for the first time as a member of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization Alliance Summit in Istanbul on 28-29 June 2004 with a symbolic value for the special level of relations between the two countries, Romania supports Turkey's European integration or aspirations.

4. Italy and Romania are not only united Latin roots. The emergence and affirmation of the two countries on the European political scene involves many interesting similarities. As in recent years, in Italy, there was a rising economic reasons, a large Romanian community, we consider necessary to make a brief overview of the relations between the two sister countries. Unfortunately, ignorance of journalists and politicians exploited population of the peninsula led to a hostile attitude against Romanians. A better understanding of the historical ties between Romania and Italy, and we will hopefully dispel xenophobia artificially created. In the mid-nineteenth century Italian and Romanian patriots are working assiduously to national rebirth of their peoples. Italian and Romanian territories that were disparate the subject of dispute between the great powers of Europe. Lombardy and Venice were under Austrian occupation, and the remaining space was divided in Italian history more strictly supervised absolutist states in Vienna. The Romanians, however, were in place expansionary intersecting interests of three empires: Austrian, Russian and Ottoman. Dobrogea was occupied by the Turks, Russian Bessarabia and Bukovina, Transylvania and Banat by the Austrians. Country Romanian and Moldova, which will be later embryo of modern Romania, were in a relationship of vassalage to the Ottoman Empire.

5. Like the Italians, Romanians were included fever Revolution of 1848-1849. Spring has arrived and Romanian peoples who wanted breaking the chains of imperialist and creating a nation-state. The same high feeling motivated and Italian revolution leaders. After defeating the Romanian Revolution of 1848-1489, a series of Romanian revolutionaries fled to Italy. For instance, Nicholas Bălcescu, exponent of the revolution in the Romanian Country, died in 1852 at Palermo was buried in Italian soil. Giuseppe Mazzini and Giuseppe Garibaldi sympathized because Romanian people. Romania and Italy in World War fought on the same side : the Entente . Between 1916-1918 worked in Romania a French military mission . At the end of the war saw both countries met national interests. On 1 December 1918 appeared Romania Mare. This date became the National Day of Romania after the 1989 revolution . In the interwar period Italian- Romanian ties have weakened in intensity. Dictatorship of Benito Mussolini made ​​the problem of international relations , the two countries have different views . Romania called for democracy and supported the League of Nations. Italo- Romanian ties became hostile during 1935-1936 when Italy invaded Ethiopia. Great Romanian diplomat NicolaeTitulescu openly condemned this aggression , which displeased the fascist power of Rome. Therefore, Fascist Italy and Nazi Germany directed the Second Vienna Arbitration ( August 30, 1940 ) that northwestern Transylvania was ceded to Hungary , although most of the population was made up of Romanian .

6. În perioada comunistă legăturile dintre cele două state au fost influenţate de către ostilitatea dintre blocurile politico-militare create de lumea capitalistă şi cea comunistă. După căderea regimului comunist din România, în decembrie 1989, între Roma şi Bucureşti au reînflorit bunele relaţii. În ultimul deceniu numeroşi români se află plecaţi la lucru în Italia. Din nefericire, presa aflată într-o perpetuă căutare de subiecte senzaţionale a creat un curent rasist căruia îi cad victime românii nevinovaţi. Această stare de fapt, care aminteşte de fascism şi nazism, trebuie zdrobită fără cruţare. În spaţiul democratic al Uniunii Europene nu este loc pentru xenofobie sau rasism.

7. France played a key role in the modern history of Romania. We can say that without the help of France, the emergence of Romanian state political map of Europe, perhaps, would not be produced. Romanian people have a great debt to the French people and is extremely unfortunate that in recent years the traditional Franco-Romanian relations have deteriorated. Politicians in Paris were seduced stakes election tabloids have adopted attitudes towards Romania, while the Romanian political class proved unable to keep French friendship. The days when France was considered "Latin sister" or "second homeland" are long gone. Myopia, lack of depth, lack of cooperation and even racism as promiţătoarele fractured ties between Paris and Bucharest. It is useful and necessary to understand the role played by France in history. In World War Romania and France stood on the same side. Restoring Romanian army after the disaster of the 1916 campaign was made with the support of the French military mission led by General Henri Mathias Berthelot. Russian failure in 1918 forced Romania to emerge from the war, although the treaty signed with the Allies in 1916 undertook not to conclude a separate peace. Nevertheless, France understood that Romania had no other alternative and the just held our country's territorial claims in the Paris Peace Conference (1919-1920). Politicians have recognized the rights of Romania over Bessarabia Protocol Paris (October 28, 1920). French-Romanian friendship was strengthened by the signing in 1926 of an agreement of mutual assistance. In 1939, France and Britain guaranteed the borders of Romania.

8. France has shown, both in official and the citizens, sympathy and solidarity to face the Romanian Revolution of 1989, the event that triggered the fall of communism. After December 1989, the Franco-Romanian relations have developed considerably. Exchange of official visits have multiplied, including at the highest level, which allowed to set up a solid partnership political, economic and cultural differences between the two countries. Worth emphasizing in particular the active support of France for integration in the political, economic and European and Euro-Atlantic security. In 2010 we celebrated the 130th anniversary of bilateral diplomatic relations.

9. The border between Romania and Hungary is an international border, 448.0 km long, bounding Romania and Hungary. It is a south-westerly direction - north-east, which separates western Romania (Transylvania) Hungary. Currently, it has a length of 448.0 km, of which 415.9 km is land and 32.1 km border border river. While official historiography Romania and Hungary highlights conflicts rather long history of attempts to unite the two countries has been silenced. "Romano-Hungary" should be followed to take the form of a dynastic union made ​​around King Ferdinand I or around King Charles II. Most proponents of Romanian-Hungarian union were Banffyand Telekicounts .

10. One of the lesser-known details of the shared history of Romania and Hungary plans is the union of the two states. It attempts that took place in the interwar period. Hungary defeated and isolated after the first world war, the economy ruined and reduced to a third of the territory area that was the beginning of the century, tried a near Romania. A number of politicians from the conservative right and the Hungarian fascist groups have proposed to establish a dynastic union between the two countries.

11. made by : PavenIoama Alexandra