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States of Matter

States of Matter. September 19, 2012. States of Matter. States of Matter: Solid, Liquid or Gas. Matter is made up of tiny particles called atoms and molecules which are always in motion, bumping into one another. Go the next slide and click on the provided links. Links.

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States of Matter

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  1. States of Matter September 19, 2012

  2. States of Matter • States of Matter: Solid, Liquid or Gas. • Matter is made up of tiny particles called atoms and molecules which are always in motion, bumping into one another. • Go the next slide and click on the provided links.

  3. Links • http://www.chem.purdue.edu/gchelp/liquids/character.html • http://www.grc.nasa.gov/WWW/K-12/airplane/state.html • http://www.harcourtschool.com/activity/states_of_matter/ • http://library.thinkquest.org/10429/high/matter/matterbody.htm#slg • http://web.jjay.cuny.edu/%7Eacarpi/NSC/2-matter.htm

  4. Solid • Has a stable, definite shape • Has a definite volume • Particles are packed closely together • Cannot move freely, can only vibrate • Energy and temperature are very low • Can only change their shape by force

  5. Solids (cont’d) • Two kinds: crystalline and amorphous • Crystalline - have 3-D arrangement of particles in a pattern. Ex: iron, diamond, and ice. • Amorphous - do not have special arrangement of particles. Ex: wax, glass, rubber, etc.

  6. Liquid • Does not have a definite shape • Shape is determined by the container in which it is held • Volume is definite • Particles are farther apart than in solids, and can slide past each other easily • Energy and temperature, in comparison to a solid, are higher

  7. Liquid (Cont’d) • Surface Tension: is a force that acts on the particles at the surface of a liquid. Ex: water & gasoline. • Viscosity: is a liquid’s resistance to flow. Usually, the stronger the attraction the more viscous. Ex: motor oil. • Remember the volume doesn’t change, only the shape.

  8. Gas • Has an indefinite, unstable shape • Volume is determined by the container that is closely sealed • Particles are far apart from each other, and can move around quickly • Energy and temperature are the higher than those of both solids and liquids

  9. Kinetic Energy • The word “kinetic” means “to move” • Kinetic energy is the energy of an object as it is in motion. Kinetic energy = moving energy. The faster an object moves the greater its kinetic energy. • The kinetic theory of matter says that all particles of matter are in constant motion.

  10. Quiz • http://www.school-for-champions.com/science/mini-quiz_matter_states.htm

  11. References Holt Science & Technology:Physical Science. (2005). Orlando: Holt, Rhinehart, and Winston. http://www.chem.purdue.edu/gchelp/liquids/character.html http://www.internet4classrooms.com/grade_level_help/physical_science_states_of_matter_eighth_8th_grade_science.htm http://www.grc.nasa.gov/WWW/K-12/airplane/state.html http://www.harcourtschool.com/activity/states_of_matter/ http://library.thinkquest.org/10429/high/matter/matterbody.htm#slg http://web.jjay.cuny.edu/%7Eacarpi/NSC/2-matter.htm

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