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The Metric System. “I am 10 times better than the English system of measurement.”. The Metric System. The metric system is a measurement system based on our decimal (base 10) number system, making it very easy to use.
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The Metric System “I am 10 times better than the English system of measurement.”
The Metric System • The metric system is a measurement system based on our decimal (base 10) number system, making it very easy to use. • Most other countries and all scientists and engineers use the metric system for measurement. (This is why the metric system is also called “THE SYSTEM INTERNATIONALE”) • Basic units: • METER (length) • GRAM (mass) • LITER (volume)
Countries who use the Metric System (gray) Burma Liberia
Metric Prefixes • The basic units are METERS, GRAMS, and LITERS • The metric system also uses prefix modifiers that are multiples of 10.
Meters • Meters measure length or distance • A meter is about the width of a doorway
Centimeters • The value of the prefix “centi” is 1/100th • How many centimeters are in 1 meter? • One centimeter is about the width of a large paper clip • or the width of your pinky • fingernail
Millimeters • The value of the prefix “milli” is 1/1000th • One millimeter is about the thickness of a dime. • How many millimeters are in one meter?
Kilometers • The value of the prefix “kilo” is 1,000 • How many meters are in one kilometer? • 1.6 kilometers is about 1 mile • A kilometer is about six city blocks or 10 football fields.
Gram • Grams are used to measure the mass of an object. • Mass is similar to weight • 1 gram is the mass of a small paper clip.
Kilograms • The value of the prefix “kilo” is 1,000 • 1 kilogram weighs about as much as 6 apples or 2 pounds. • How many grams are in one kilogram?
Milligrams • The value of the prefix “milli” is 1/1000th • A milligram weighs about as much as a grain of salt. • How many milligrams are in one gram?
Liters • Liters are used to measure the amount of space (volume) that a liquid occupies. • 1 liter is half of a 2 liter bottle of Coke or other soda. • A liter is a little bit larger than a quart. 2 Liter Soda
Milliliters • 1 milliliter is about the amount of one eyedropper full of liquid. • The value of the prefix “milli” is 1/1000th • How many milliliters are in one liter?
A Thinking Question… • How many 2 liter bottles would make up one kiloliter?
What units would you use to measure each of the following items?
Which unit would you use to measure the length of this bicycle? km m cm mm
Which unit would you use to measure the mass of a penny? km g cL mg
Which unit would you use to measure the volume of water in an aquarium? L m cL mg
Which unit would you use to measure the mass of a feather? L m cL mg
Which unit would you use to measure the mass of a student desk? kg g cL mg
Which unit would you use to measure the mass of a whole watermelon? kg g cL mg
Which unit would you use to measure the mass of an egg? kg g mm mg
Which unit would you use to measure the volume of a can of soup? Soup kL L mm mL
Which unit would you use to measure the volume of this glass of milk? kL L cL mL
Which unit would you use to measure the distance across Kansas? km m cm mL
Which unit would you use to measure the height of a tree? km m cm mm
Which unit would you use to measure the length of a bracelet? km m cm mm
Changing Metric Units • To change from one unit to another in the metric system you simply multiply or divide by a power of 10.
To change from a larger unit to a smaller unit, you need to multiply. 1 km x 1000 = 1000 m 1 m x 100 = 100 cm 1 cm x 10 = 10mm
Place Values of Metric Prefixes Movethe decimal point to the right to multiply.
To change from smaller units to larger units you divide by a power of ten. 1000mm ÷ 10 = 100cm 100cm ÷ 10 = 10dm 10dm ÷ 10 = 1m
Place Values of Metric Prefixes Movethe decimal point to the left to divide.
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