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Knowledge Representation and Inference

Knowledge Representation and Inference. CS 480/580 Fall 2009. Requirements for Knowledge Representation Languages. Well-defined syntax and semantics General requirements: Representational adequacy Inferential adequacy Inferential efficiency Clear syntax and semantics Naturalness.

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Knowledge Representation and Inference

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  1. Knowledge Representationand Inference CS 480/580 Fall 2009

  2. Requirements for Knowledge Representation Languages • Well-defined syntax and semantics • General requirements: • Representational adequacy • Inferential adequacy • Inferential efficiency • Clear syntax and semantics • Naturalness

  3. Semantic Networks • Originally developed in 1960s to represent the meaning of English words

  4. Frames • Frames are a variant of semantic networks • Widely used in expert systems • Semantic networks and frames are interchangeable • Defaults and multiple inheritance • Slots and procedures

  5. Predicate Logic • This is the most important knowledge representation • Syntax: • P V Q • P ^ Q • ¬Q • P → Q • P ↔ Q • P ^ (Q → R); (Q V ¬R) → P

  6. Predicate Logic (cont.) • Notation: Begin with lower case letters for constants; Begin with a capital letter for variables; fatherof(allison, richard) • Prolog uses , : and ;: OR • More on Prolog …

  7. Rule-based Systems • If – then rules and facts • Forward chaining system • Conflict resolution • Backward chaining system

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