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Fire Safety

Fire Safety. Legislation. Fire Precautions (Workplace) Regs 1999 Detection & warning Means of escape Fighting fire Staff Training Risk Assessment Management of H&S at Work Regs 1999. Fire Classification. Class A: Carbonaceous materials Class B: Liquids or liquefiable solids

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Fire Safety

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  1. Fire Safety

  2. Legislation • Fire Precautions (Workplace) Regs 1999 • Detection & warning • Means of escape • Fighting fire • Staff Training • Risk Assessment • Management of H&S at Work Regs 1999

  3. Fire Classification • Class A: Carbonaceous materials • Class B: Liquids or liquefiable solids • Class C: Gases • Class D: Metals • Class F: Cooking oils or fats

  4. Part One: Fire Risk Assessment

  5. 5 Steps to Fire Risk Assessment • Identify potential fire hazards • Decide who might be harmed and how • Evaluate risks and decide whether more needs to be done • Record findings – tell employees • Review from time to time and revise when necessary

  6. Step 1 – Identify Fire Hazards FUEL IGNITION SOURCE OXYGEN

  7. Identify Ignition Sources

  8. Identify Ignition Sources • Other examples: • Smokers materials • Heating equipment • Cooking • Lighting equipment • Arson • Static electricity • Friction • Metal impact

  9. Identify Fuel Sources • Flammable liquids, solvents and chemicals • Wood • Paper and card • Plastics, rubber and foam • Flammable gases • Furniture • Textiles • Waste material • Consider construction of building

  10. Identify Oxygen Sources • Main source is air around us: • Natural airflow (doors, windows etc.) • Mechanical air conditioning) • Some chemicals (oxidising materials) • Oxygen supplies from cylinder and piped systems

  11. Step 2 – Decide Who Could Be Harmed • Identify: • Who may be at risk of fire; • How they will be warned; and • How they will escape. • Consider employees, customers, visitors, contractors etc. and where they may be

  12. Step 3 – Evaluate Risks • Decide whether existing precautions are adequate, or whether more should be done • Consider: • Chance of fire occurring; • Precautions in place; • Warning systems; • Means of escape; and • Means of fighting fire.

  13. Types of Heat Transfer • Convection • Radiation • Conduction • Direct Contact

  14. Smoke Spread Ever-deepening layer of smoke Smoke rises

  15. Step 4 – Record Findings & Actions • If more than 5 employees • Record significant findings & people at risk • Record could be simple list (see below), or layout plan, or a combination of both

  16. Step 5 – Review and Revise • Review when no longer valid or significant changes • No need to review in light of trivial changes • Fires or near misses should initiate review • Ensure precautions are working effectively

  17. Part Two: Fire Precautions

  18. Fire Detection & Warning • Shouting “Fire” may be sufficient in small workplaces • Electrical fire warning system with manual call points is likely to be required • Automatic fire detection may also be necessary • Alarm should be loud enough for everyone to hear it

  19. Means of Escape • Should normally be an alternative means of escape • Each escape route should be independent of any other • Should lead to a place of safety • Should be wide enough for number of occupants • Should not normally reduce in width • Should be available for use and clear at all times

  20. Means of Escape • Consider what people are doing when alarm sounds: • Operating machinery that will have to be switched off • Sleeping etc. • Disabled may need help to evacuate • Corridors should be 1m wide • Stairways should be of sufficient width • Should be sufficiently lit, and have emergency lighting where necessary

  21. Means of Fighting Fire • Portable fire fighting equipment: • Water (red) • Foam (cream) • Powder (blue) • Carbon Dioxide (black) • Halon (green)

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