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Computer Revolution

Computer Revolution. Module 1 Section 4. Early Calculating Machines. Abacus Slide rule Mechanical calculator. Early Calculating Machines. Stepped reckoner Textile industry – Jacquard Loom Difference engine. Early Calculating Machines through those of today. Analytical engine

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Computer Revolution

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  1. Computer Revolution Module 1 Section 4

  2. Early Calculating Machines • Abacus • Slide rule • Mechanical calculator

  3. Early Calculating Machines • Stepped reckoner • Textile industry – Jacquard Loom • Difference engine

  4. Early Calculating Machines through those of today • Analytical engine • The 1890 Census machine • ENIAC

  5. 1st Generation 1945-1959 • Made to order operating instructions • Different binary coded programs told it how to operate • Difficult to program and limited versatility and speed • Vacuum tubes • Magnetic drum storage

  6. 2nd Generation 1959-1963 • Transistors • Memory – magnetic core • Assembly language • Printers and memory • Programming languages • Careers

  7. 3rd Generation 1964-1971 • Quartz clock • Integrated circuit • Operating systems

  8. 4th Generation 1971 – 1984 • LSI – Large Scale Integration • VLSI – Very Large Scale Integration • Chip • General consumer usage • Networks

  9. 5th Generation 1984 – 1990 • Parallel processing • Multi-processing • Chip advancement

  10. 6th Generation 1990 – now • This is the future • What new advancements lie ahead? • What changes will be big enough to create this new generation?

  11. Pioneers of Computing • Charles Babbage • Konrad Zuse • John von Neumann • Alan Turing

  12. Important Machines • IBM 650 introduced in 1953 • IBM 7090 first 2nd Generation computer • Texas Instruments and Fairchild semiconductor both announce the integrated circuit in 1959 • DEC PDP 8 the first microcomputer sold for $18,000 in 1963 • IBM 360 introduced in 1964, used integrated circuits • 1968 Intel is established by Robert Noyce, Grove, and Moore • 1970 floppy disk introduced

  13. Important Machines • 1972 – Intel’s 8008 and 8080 • 1972 – DEC PDP 11/45 • 1976 – Jobs and Wozniak build the Apple I • 1978 – DEC VAX 11/780 • 1979 – Motorolla 68000 • 1981 – IBM PC • 1982 – Compaq IBM-compatible PC • 1984 – Sony and Phillips CD-ROM • 1988 – Next computer by Steve Jobs • 1992 – DEC 64-bit RISC alpha • 1993 – Intel’s Pentium

  14. Taxonomy of Computers • Mainframes • Super computers • Microprocessors

  15. Wirth’s Law • The software gets slower faster than the hardware gets faster • What does this mean?

  16. References Computer Laws http://www.sysprog.net/quotlaws.html

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