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BIG BANG THEORY and CHEMISTRY

BIG BANG THEORY and CHEMISTRY. SNC1DO. What is Big Bang?. Big Bang is the scientific theory of how the universe emerged from a tremendously dense and hot state about 13.7 billion years ago. Matter was created!!!. CHEMISTRY.

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BIG BANG THEORY and CHEMISTRY

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  1. BIG BANG THEORYand CHEMISTRY SNC1DO

  2. What is Big Bang? • Big Bang is the scientific theory of how the universe emerged from a tremendously dense and hot state about 13.7 billion years ago. Matter was created!!!

  3. CHEMISTRY • Chemistry is the study of MATTER which deals with the composition of substances and their properties and reactions. • Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space. • During Big Bang, energy created matter. (Famous Equation: E = mc2)

  4. Building a Universe First there was a hot ball of matter tinier than an atom. This cooled to 10 billion◦C and grew. http://rainbow.ldeo.columbia.edu/courses/v1001/7.html

  5. Building a Universe - A split second later there was instantaneous filling of space with all matter =Inflation -as the universe inflated it was flooded with energy and matter (gravity and electricity) http://rainbow.ldeo.columbia.edu/courses/v1001/7.html

  6. Chemistry of Big Bang • In the first few minute of Big Bang subatomic particles assembled to make atoms. • Atoms are the smallest indivisible particles of matter. They make up everything in the universe. • Electrons, protons and neutrons make up atoms. • After many thousands of years, atoms joined to make molecules, molecules joined to created more complex matter that gave rise to planets, stars, galaxies and other bodies in the univese.

  7. Evidence of Big Bang: Hubble (1929) • The Big Bang theory is based on the observed Hubble's law redshift of distant galaxies

  8. What Hubble Saw In 1929, by looking at the spectra (light emitted) of these galaxies, he concluded that they were speeding away from us - the Universe was expanding!

  9. Testing the Big Bang model Prediction: The universe is expanding Observation: Galaxies are moving apart from each other (1929)

  10. Evidence for an expanding universe We see the same repeating pattern of lines in a galaxy, but displaced to the red Galaxy UGC 12915

  11. Evidence for an expanding universe The further the galaxy, the more the shift to the red Galaxy UGC 12508

  12. Evidence for an expanding universe The greater the red shift, the faster the galaxy is receding Galaxy KUG 1750

  13. Evidence for an expanding universe The red shift is caused by the expansion of space. Galaxy KUG 1217

  14. Evidence for an expanding universe The red shift is evidence for an expanding universe Galaxy IRAS F09159

  15. Testing the Big Bang model Prediction: If the universe was denser, hotter, in past, we should see evidence of left-over heat from early universe. Observation: Left-over heat from the early universe. (Penzias and Wilson, 1965) Background radiation – think of it in terms of a match that glows after your blow out the flame.

  16. Big Bang – Other Theories • Before the Big Bang Scientists Thought… • Universe was created as we see it and will remain the same as we see it now. • 1930’s to 1990’s Scientists Thought… • At first: Universe expansion would slow down and contract -> “Big Crunch!” • Later: Universe would continue to expand slowly -> “Cold Death!” • Today, a most surprising observation… • Universe expansion is accelerating! • Mysterious “Dark Matter” is the most important new discovery in Physics.

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