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CLASSIFYING CHEMICAL REACTIONS

CLASSIFYING CHEMICAL REACTIONS. FIVE BASIC WAYS TO CLASSIFY CHEMICAL REACTIONS:. Synthesis Decomposition Single-Replacement Double-Replacement Combustion. Synthesis Reactions:. Generic Reaction X + Y-->XY

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CLASSIFYING CHEMICAL REACTIONS

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  1. CLASSIFYING CHEMICAL REACTIONS

  2. FIVE BASIC WAYS TO CLASSIFY CHEMICAL REACTIONS: • Synthesis • Decomposition • Single-Replacement • Double-Replacement • Combustion

  3. Synthesis Reactions: • Generic Reaction • X + Y-->XY • Definition-In this equation, X and Y can be compounds or elements. The result XY is a compound. Analogy- Like a marriage 2 Rectants and 1 Product

  4. Examples of Real Synthesis Reactions: • 2Ba + O2 -->2BaO • 4Cu+ + O2 ->2Cu2O • 2Cu+ O2 >2CuO • 2H2 + O2 -->2H2O • C + O2 -->CO2 • 2Na + Cl2 -->2NaCl2

  5. Decomposition Reactions: • In a decomposition reaction, an element or compound is broken down into two simpler substances. The generic formula of a decomposition reaction is: • XY --> X + Y • Decomposition reactions are the opposite of synthesis reactions. Analogy-Like divorce 1 Reactant and 2 Products

  6. Examples of Real Decomposition Reactions: • 2HgO --> 2Hg + O2 • 2H2O --> 2H2 + O2 • CaCO3 --> CaO + CO2 • Cu(OH)2 --> CuO + H2O • 2KClO3 --> 2KCl + 3O2H2SO4 --> SO3 + H2O

  7. Single Replacement Reactions: • In this type of reaction, one element replaces a similar element in a compound. • A + XY --> AY + X • In this equation, A, X, and Y are the elements and XY, AY, and XA are the compounds. Aggressive metal wins 1 free element + compound  compound + 1 free element Like finding a new girl friend

  8. Examples of Single Replacement Reactions: • 2Al + 3Fe(NO3)2 3Fe + 2Al(NO3)3 • Zn + CuCl2 • Mg + Pb(NO3)2  • Fe + Na3PO4 • 2K + ZnCl2

  9. Li Rb K Ca Na Mg Al Mn Zn Fe Ni Sn PbH Cu Ag PtAu Metal Reactivity Chart Most aggressive metal (woman) wins out

  10. Examples of Real Single Replacement Reactions: • 2Al + 3Fe(NO3)2 3Fe + 2Al(NO3)3 • Zn + CuCl2 Cu + ZnCl2 • Mg + Pb(NO3)2  Pb + Mg(NO3)2 • Fe + Na3PO4 N.R. • 2K + ZnCl2 2 KCl + Zn • Cl2 + 2KBr  2KCl + Br2

  11. Double-Replacement Reactions: • In a double-replacement reaction, the two compounds exchange places in a solution to form two new compounds. The general equation of a double-replacement reaction is: • AB + XY --> AY + XB Like switching partners in square dancing 2 compounds  2 compounds

  12. Examples of Real Double-Replacement Reactions: • Pb(NO3)2 + 2KI --> PbI2 + 2KNO3 • FeS + 2HCl --> H2S + FeCl2 • HCl + NaOH --> NaCl + H2O “lets take turns dancing with these two beautiful ladies”

  13. Combustion Reactions: • When a substance combines with oxygen releasing in a large amount of energy in the form of light and heat, it is a combustion reaction. Oxygen is needed to Burn things. Generic C + O2 CO2 + heat

  14. Examples of Real Combustion Reactions: • examples of combustion reactions • C3H8 + 5O2 --> 3CO2 + 4H2O + heat • 2CH4 + 4O2  2CO2 + 4H2O + heat

  15. FIVE BASIC WAYS TO CLASSIFY CHEMICAL REACTIONS: • Synthesis 2 reactants1 product (like marriage) • Decomposition 1 reactant 2 products (like divorce) • Single-Replacement (most aggressive element wins) • Double-Replacement (switch partners) • Combustion=Burning (need oxygen to burn things)

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