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Early Luther. Early Life. Background: upwardly mobile Education: law Conversion: trauma leads to monastic vocation Questions: What is the relationship between humanism and the Reformation? Biblical scholarship Church reform, ethical renewal
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Early Life • Background: upwardly mobile • Education: law • Conversion: trauma leads to monastic vocation • Questions: • What is the relationship between humanism and the Reformation? • Biblical scholarship • Church reform, ethical renewal • What is the meaning of the phrase facere quod in se est?
From monastic to academic life • Monastic life: Augustinian order of canons (Source 2.1) • Life according to a rule • Monks as priests • Questions: • What was Frederick the Wise's relationship to the University of Wittenberg? Why was it important to him? • What is the meaning of the term habitus (p. 65), in the context of Catholic teaching regarding salvation? • Concept of a ladder • Trace the steps that led to Luther's conversion. In what way would you describe what happened as a "conversion"? (Source 2.2)
Luther’s theological breakthrough • Questions: • What is Luther's concept of faith? What is his concept of sin?(Sources 2.3, 2.4) • How does Luther understand the distinction between law and gospel? • What teachings are the foundation for the practice of issuing indulgences? How do such teachings conflict with Luther's new insights? (Sources 2.6-2.10) • Penitential system: contrition vs. attrition
The theses: debate • Compare the theological and ecclesiological implications of sources 2.10 and 2.11
Preface to Romans • Continue to examine Luther's understanding of the terms "sin," "law," "grace," and "faith." • How does he interpret the Genesis story to support his understanding? • Pay attention to Luther's use of "justice," "flesh," and "spirit." • How does Luther describe the Jews? What does he believe is the relationship between the Gospel on the one hand and the law and the prophets on the other? • To what extent do humans exert effort? Compare Luther's teachings with those of Thomas a Kempis. • What is the role of suffering in the process of coming to God? Again, compare Luther with the Imitation of Christ.