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Art History-19 th Century Birth of “Isms”

Art History-19 th Century Birth of “Isms”. Neoclassisim Romanticism Realism Impressionism Post-Impressionism. Neoclassism. 1780-1820 Words associated with this period-virtue; patriotism; Tone : calm, rational

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Art History-19 th Century Birth of “Isms”

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  1. Art History-19th CenturyBirth of “Isms” • Neoclassisim • Romanticism • Realism • Impressionism • Post-Impressionism

  2. Neoclassism • 1780-1820 • Words associated with this period-virtue; patriotism; • Tone: calm, rational • Technique: stressed drawing with lines not color, smooth surface and glossy, no trace of brushstrokes • ordered grids,

  3. Neoclassical • Values: • Order, solemnity • Subjects: Greek & Roman History • Role of Art: Morally uplifting, inspirational • Founder & leader of movement: David • French & British Academies behind, preached that reason, not emotion, should dictate art

  4. Oath of the Horatii Jacque Louis David 1784 Louvre, Paris, France

  5. Romanticism • Dramatic, emotional, violent energy; Themes-liberty power of nature; compare/associations to Baroque – ‘history repeats itself’

  6. Romanticism • Imaginative idealized creations • Values: Intuition, Emotion, Imagination • Inspiration: Medieval & Baroque eras, Middle and Far East • Tone: Subjective, spontaneous, nonconformist

  7. Romanticism continued… • Color: Unrestrained, deep rich shades of color • Subjects: Legends,exotica, nature, violence • Genres: Narratives of heroic struggle, landscapes, wild animals • Technique: Quick brushstrokes, strong light-and-shade contrasts • Composition: Use of diagonals

  8. Gericault (Raft of the Medusa, 1818) & Delacroix (Liberty Leading the People, 1830) • Teacher and his student

  9. Gericault (Raft of the Medusa, 1818) & Delacroix (Liberty Leading the People, 1830)

  10. Early Photo-Realism • Photo realism; tromp l’oeil-fool the eye • Ultra realistic painting, American painter Harnett

  11. Realism • Unadulterated rendering; poor people in everyday situations; landscapes

  12. Realism • Courbet, the father of the Realist movement • Portrayed drab figures at everyday tasks • First one man show, when rejected by an art jury built a shed to show his painting Interior of My Studio • Burial of Ornans, • The Stone Breakers,

  13. French Realism: • Courbet • Corot • Millet, Barbazon School

  14. American Realism • Winslow Homer • Eakins

  15. Art for art’s sake • James McNeil Whistler • Arrangement in Grey and Black No. 1, 1872, Muse d’Orsay, Paris • Nocturn in Black and Gold: the Falling Rocket, 1875

  16. Manet • Often called the “Father of Modern Art” • 1832-1883 • Never exhibited with the Impresionists • Striped away idealizing mythology to portray modern life candidly • Sketchy brushwork-images appear flat and hard

  17. Manet, “Olympia”, 1863

  18. “Dejeuner sue l’herbe” (1863)“ The Luncheon on the Grass”

  19. Luncheon: • Painting offended on moral and aesthetic grounds • Indecent because the nude was not idealized • (nudity was only acceptable if disguised in Classical trappings) • Based on historic art precedent, Giorgione, Titian, • Brushstrokes, applied in broad strokes

  20. Impressionism • En plein air-Paint outside • Concerned with effects of light; • Dabs of pure color painted side by side • Viewer’s eye blends the colors • Shadows not black but blends of colors • Country, City associated with Impressionism-France, Paris

  21. Compositions • Japanese prints and new tool influenced Impressionists; cropping-cutting off • Camera/photography

  22. Impressionists • Grouped together because of way painted and concern for light • Purpose; to portray immediate visual sensations of a scene • Impressionists: Manet, Monet. Renior, Degas • Also: Pizzaro, Sisley, Marisot, Casatt •  1862-1886

  23. Impressionist subjects: • Outdoors, seaside, Parisian streets and cafes

  24. Post-Impressionism • Grouped together because making art at the same time- but not because of similar style • 1880-1905 • Post Impressionists: Seurat, Toulouse-Lautrec, Cezanne, Gauguin, van Gogh

  25. Different styles • Small dots of pure color on canvas, Seurat • Pointillists • Textural paint, sick man • van Gogh • Reduce to basic shapes: cone, cylinder, • Cezanne

  26. “Starry Night”

  27. Pointillism, Seurat, “A Sunday on La Grande Jatte” 1884-1886

  28. Cezanne, “Still Life”

  29. Cezanne • Cezanne liberated art from reproducing reality by reducing reality to its basic compositions • Cylinder, sphere, cone • To create illusions of depth placed cool colors like blue, which seem to recede, at rear and warm colors like red, which seem to advance, in front ( Mt. St. Victoire, 1902)

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