What were the Jim Crow Laws?

1. What were the Jim Crow Laws?

2. What were the Jim Crow Laws? • State laws which enforced segregation of toilets, housing, trains, buses, schools, hotels and hospitals. These laws were backed up with violence and intimidation perpetrated by Whites who were rarely tried or convicted. The Laws were one of the reasons for Black migration to the North.

3. What were the Jim Crow Laws? • What was the KKK?

4. What were the Jim Crow Laws? • What was the KKK? • The Ku Klux Klan was initially known as the “Invisible Empire” and was a White supremacist group. It was formed in the 1860s by former Confederate soldiers as a secret society to “protect” Whites from newly-freed slaves. It was characterised by white robes with pointed hoods, lynchings and burning crosses, all designed to instil fear. In the C20th the Klan became a voice for poor, uneducated Whites who had to compete with Blacks for jobs and housing in the worsening economic situation.

5. What were the Jim Crow Laws? • What was the KKK?

6. What were the Jim Crow Laws? • State laws which enforced segregation of toilets, housing, trains, buses, schools, hotels and hospitals. These laws were backed up with violence and intimidation perpetrated by Whites who were rarely tried or convicted. The Laws were one of the reasons for Black migration to the North. • What was the KKK?

7. What were the Jim Crow Laws? • What was the KKK?

8. What were the Jim Crow Laws? • What was the KKK? • The Ku Klux Klan was initially known as the “Invisible Empire” and was a White supremacist group. It was formed in the 1860s by former Confederate soldiers as a secret society to “protect” Whites from newly-freed slaves. It was characterised by white robes with pointed hoods, lynchings and burning crosses, all designed to instil fear. In the C20th the Klan became a voice for poor, uneducated Whites who had to compete with Blacks for jobs and housing in the worsening economic situation.

9. What were the Jim Crow Laws? • What was the KKK? • What was Brown vs. Board of Education?

10. What were the Jim Crow Laws? • What was the KKK? • What was Brown vs. Board of Education? • This legal case was sparked off by Linda Brown who had to take a long walk to get to her Negro school. The policy in the South was “separate but equal”, but many Negro parents questioned this and they were given legal support by the NAACP. On 17th May 1954 Brown won her case and the policy of “separate but equal” was ended. However, there was a bitter reaction in the South and ten years later 91% of Negro children in the South still attended segregated schools.

11. What were the Jim Crow Laws? • What was the KKK? • What was Brown vs. Board of Education?

12. What were the Jim Crow Laws? • State laws which enforced segregation of toilets, housing, trains, buses, schools, hotels and hospitals. These laws were backed up with violence and intimidation perpetrated by Whites who were rarely tried or convicted. The Laws were one of the reasons for Black migration to the North. • What was the KKK? • What was Brown vs. Board of Education?

13. What were the Jim Crow Laws? • What was the KKK? • What was Brown vs. Board of Education?

14. What were the Jim Crow Laws? • What was the KKK? • The Ku Klux Klan was initially known as the “Invisible Empire” and was a White supremacist group. It was formed in the 1860s by former Confederate soldiers as a secret society to “protect” Whites from newly-freed slaves. It was characterised by white robes with pointed hoods, lynchings and burning crosses, all designed to instil fear. In the C20th the Klan became a voice for poor, uneducated Whites who had to compete with Blacks for jobs and housing in the worsening economic situation. • What was Brown vs. Board of Education?

15. What were the Jim Crow Laws? • What was the KKK? • What was Brown vs. Board of Education?

16. What were the Jim Crow Laws? • What was the KKK? • What was Brown vs. Board of Education? • This legal case was sparked off by Linda Brown who had to take a long walk to get to her Negro school. The policy in the South was “separate but equal”, but many Negro parents questioned this and they were given legal support by the NAACP. On 17th May 1954 Brown won her case and the policy of “separate but equal” was ended. However, there was a bitter reaction in the South and ten years later 91% of Negro children in the South still attended segregated schools.

17. What were the Jim Crow Laws? • What was the KKK? • What was Brown vs. Board of Education? • What was the Montgomery Bus Boycott?

18. What were the Jim Crow Laws? • What was the KKK? • What was Brown vs. Board of Education? • What was the Montgomery Bus Boycott? • On 1st December 1955 Rosa Parks refused to stand on her segregated bus. Her act sparked off direct action involving a boycott of the 50,000 Blacks in Montgomery against the bus company. The Montgomery Improvement Association was formed, with the young Minister Martin Luther King Jr. as President. The boycott was based on the philosophy of non-violence. The boycott was a protest action, but the main aim was to get the law changed. The NAACP took the case to the Supreme Court and won.

19. What were the Jim Crow Laws? • Why was the KKK? • What was Brown vs. Board of Education? • What was the Montgomery Bus Boycott?

20. What were the Jim Crow Laws? • State laws which enforced segregation of toilets, housing, trains, buses, schools, hotels and hospitals. These laws were backed up with violence and intimidation perpetrated by Whites who were rarely tried or convicted. The Laws were one of the reasons for Black migration to the North. • What was the KKK? • What was Brown vs. Board of Education? • What was the Montgomery Bus Boycott?

21. What were the Jim Crow Laws? • What was the KKK? • What was Brown vs. Board of Education? • What was the Montgomery Bus Boycott?

22. What were the Jim Crow Laws? • What was the KKK? • The Ku Klux Klan was initially known as the “Invisible Empire” and was a White supremacist group. It was formed in the 1860s by former Confederate soldiers as a secret society to “protect” Whites from newly-freed slaves. It was characterised by white robes with pointed hoods, lynchings and burning crosses, all designed to instil fear. In the C20th the Klan became a voice for poor, uneducated Whites who had to compete with Blacks for jobs and housing in the worsening economic situation. • What was Brown vs. Board of Education? • What was the Montgomery Bus Boycott?

23. What were the Jim Crow Laws? • What was the KKK? • What was Brown vs. Board of Education? • What was the Montgomery Bus Boycott?

24. What were the Jim Crow Laws? • What was the KKK? • What was Brown vs. Board of Education? • This legal case was sparked off by Linda Brown who had to take a long walk to get to her Negro school. The policy in the South was “separate but equal”, but many Negro parents questioned this and they were given legal support by the NAACP. On 17th May 1954 Brown won her case and the policy of “separate but equal” was ended. However, there was a bitter reaction in the South and ten years later 91% of Negro children in the South still attended segregated schools. • What was the Montgomery Bus Boycott?

25. What were the Jim Crow Laws? • What was the KKK? • What was Brown vs. Board of Education? • What was the Montgomery Bus Boycott?

26. What were the Jim Crow Laws? • What was the KKK? • What was Brown vs. Board of Education? • What was the Montgomery Bus Boycott? • On 1st December 1955 Rosa Parks refused to stand on her segregated bus. Her act sparked off direct action involving a boycott of the 50,000 Blacks in Montgomery against the bus company. The Montgomery Improvement Association was formed, with the young Minister Martin Luther King Jr. as President. The boycott was based on the philosophy of non-violence. The boycott was a protest action, but the main aim was to get the law changed. The NAACP took the case to the Supreme Court and won.