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Characteristics of Living Things NOTES

Characteristics of Living Things NOTES. Standard Bio A: Describe the basic characteristics and requirements of all living organisms, which distinguish them from non living things. #1-Living Things are ORGANIZED.

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Characteristics of Living Things NOTES

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  1. Characteristics of Living Things NOTES Standard Bio A: Describe the basic characteristics and requirements of all living organisms, which distinguish them from non living things.

  2. #1-Living Things are ORGANIZED • All living things, called organisms, are made up of 1 or more cells (the smallest unit of an organism that carry on the functions of life) • Cells have an orderly structure and contain genetic material (DNA) which are instructions for structure and function • Cells take in raw materials from their surroundings, which allows the organism to function

  3. # 2-Living Things RESPOND • Unlike non-living things, living organisms interact with their environment. Organisms can also MOVE on their own • In order to carry on daily activities and survive, organisms respond and react to stimuli(A stimulus is anything that causes change in an organism) • Organisms are able to respond to internal and external stimuli in order to maintain homeostasis (keeping the proper, BALANCED conditions inside the body no matter what is happening outside the organism) - internal stimuli within (inside) the body include changes in temperature, oxygen, glucose (energy), water , etc… - external stimuli (in environment) includes changes in weather conditions, presence of predators, sounds , etc…

  4. #3- Living Things USE ENERGY • In order to maintain homeostasis, energy is needed to carry out all of life's functions so the organism survives. • All energy comes directly or indirectly from the sun. • Plants use sunlight directly to make food (sugar) for their own energy (by the process of photosynthesis) • Animals use sunlight indirectly by consuming (eating) plants or other animals as a form of energy • Many organisms also take in oxygen, which is used by their cells to create energy so the cells can function.

  5. #4- Living Things GROW AND DEVELOP • Living things take in raw materials (ex. food/water) in order to grow (create more cells or larger cells) • Organisms also develop (all of the changes that occur during an organism’s lifetime) often in response to stimuli in their environment • Every species of an organism has a different life span (the length of time expected to live)

  6. #5- Living Things REPRODUCE • Reproduction is when organisms produce offspring of their own species (new generation) • Organisms reproduce in order to replace individuals of the population that die • Although each individual member of a population may not reproduce in its lifetime, others will to keep the species in existence

  7. NEEDS of All Living Things • Shelter – a place to live that must provide the organism with all of its needs • Water – living things take in and release large amounts of water each day. Water is used for many important processes inside the body. Our body is made up of 60-70% water. • Raw Materials – such as proteins, fats, and carbohydrates (sugars). Raw materials are taken in when we eat. Plants make raw materials through photosynthesis. Raw materials are also needed in order to produce energy and carry out vital processes inside the body. • Other examples of raw materials: oxygen, carbon dioxide, vitamins, minerals

  8. Acronym for Characteristics of Living Things: RUGRO • All living things…. R = RESPOND TO THEIR SURROUNDINGS (STIMULI) U= USE ENERGY TO CARRY OUT LIFE FUNCTIONS G= GROW AND DEVELOP OVER THEIR LIFETIME R= REPRODUCE TO CREATE OFFSPRING O= ORGANIZED INTO CELLS

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