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Agglutination Tests

Agglutination Tests. Lattice Formation. Qualitative agglutination test Ag or Ab. Y. +. . Y. Y. Agglutination/Hemagglutination. Definition - tests that have as their endpoint the agglutination of a particulate antigen Agglutinin/hemagglutinin. 1/1024. 1/256. 1/512. 1/128. 1/16.

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Agglutination Tests

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  1. Agglutination Tests Lattice Formation

  2. Qualitative agglutination test • Ag or Ab Y +  Y Y Agglutination/Hemagglutination • Definition - tests that have as their endpoint the agglutination of a particulate antigen • Agglutinin/hemagglutinin

  3. 1/1024 1/256 1/512 1/128 1/16 1/64 1/32 Pos. 1/8 Neg. 1/4 1/2 Titer Patient 64 1 8 2 512 3 <2 4 32 5 128 6 32 7 4 8 Agglutination/Hemagglutination • Quantitative agglutination test • Titer • Prozone

  4. 1/256 1/512 1/128 1/16 1/64 1/32 1/8 1/4 1/2 Agglutination/Hemagglutination • Definition • Qualitative test • Quantitative test • Applications • Blood typing • Bacterial infections • Fourfold rise in titer • Practical considerations • Easy • Semi-quantitative

  5. Y Y +  Y Passive Agglutination/Hemagglutination • Definition - agglutination test done with a soluble antigen coated onto a particle • Applications • Measurement of antibodies to soluble antigens

  6. Y Y + Y Y Y Y  Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Patient’s RBCs Coombs Reagent (Antiglobulin) Coombs (Antiglobulin)Tests • Incomplete Ab • Direct Coombs Test • Detects antibodies on erythrocytes

  7. Step 1 Y +  Y Y Y Y Target RBCs Patient’s Serum Y Y Y Step 2 Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y +  Y Y Y Y Coombs Reagent (Antiglobulin) Coombs (Antiglobulin)Tests • Indirect Coombs Test • Detects anti-erythrocyte antibodies in serum

  8. Coombs (Antiglobulin)Tests • Applications • Detection of anti-Rh Ab • Autoimmune hemolytic anemia

  9. Prior to Test Y Y +  Y Y Test Y + +  Y Patient’s sample Agglutination/Hemagglutination Inhibition • Definition - test based on the inhibition of agglutination due to competition with a soluble Ag

  10. Agglutination/Hemagglutination Inhibition • Definition • Applications • Measurement of soluble Ag • Practical considerations • Same as agglutination test

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