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Rust to Rust

Rust to Rust. The Story of Corrosion. Rust to Rust. Corrosion = Energy. Pit Action. Corrosion Requirements. Anode Cathode Electrolyte Electrical circuit. Corrosion at Coating Defects. Pipeline Coatings. Coating Damage. Soil Stress Stones Location Probes Third Party.

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Rust to Rust

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  1. Rust to Rust The Story of Corrosion

  2. Rust to Rust

  3. Corrosion = Energy

  4. Pit Action

  5. Corrosion Requirements • Anode • Cathode • Electrolyte • Electrical circuit

  6. Corrosion at Coating Defects

  7. Pipeline Coatings

  8. Coating Damage Soil Stress Stones Location Probes Third Party

  9. Coating Inspection

  10. Coating Damage

  11. ECDA Inspection

  12. Stress Corrosion Cracking

  13. Bacterial Corrosion

  14. Corrosion = Explosion

  15. Sacrificial Cathodic Protection

  16. Magnesium Anode Bed

  17. Casting Aluminum Anodes

  18. Impressed Current Cathodic Protection

  19. Anode Installation

  20. International Standards

  21. Some International Standards • prEN 13509European Standard Cathodic Protection Measurement Techniques • RP0169-2000NACE International Control of External Corrosion on Underground or Submerged Metallic Piping Systems • RP0502-2002NACE International Pipeline External Corrosion Direct Assessment Methodology • TM0497-97NACE International Measurement Techniques Related to Criteria for Cathodic Protection on Underground or Submerged Metallic Piping Systems • Item 24213NACE International Technical Report on the Application and Interpretation of Data from External Coupons Used in the Evaluation of Cathodically Protected Metallic Structures

  22. Ready to Survey Safety Equipment Hard Hat Safety Boots Nomex Coveralls Communication Radio

  23. GPS Synchronized Current Interrupter Install GPS Synchronized Current Interrupters in all Rectifiers That Influence The Survey Area

  24. Install The Current Interrupters • Install the Current Interrupters in All of the Rectifiers Influencing the Survey Area

  25. Performing a CIPS Survey • 1 second Cycle Allows the Surveyor to Proceed at a Walking Pace

  26. Locate the Pipe • The Pipe Locator Should Proceed Ahead of the Surveyor

  27. CIPS Survey Result IR Drop 1000mV Section <-850mV

  28. Results of CIPS Survey

  29. Results of Test Station Survey This is the same data as the previous slide with readings taken at the test stations

  30. IR Drop in Pipeline Can Cause Errors

  31. Effect of IR Drop in Pipe on Structure-to-Electrolyte Potentials New Connection at TP

  32. Install More Small Rectifiers

  33. Waveforms Check Interruption Synchronization

  34. Telluric Current

  35. Telluric Current on Pipeline

  36. Smart Logger with GPS • Records Rectifier ON and Instant OFF potential of Every Interruption Cycle • Time Stamps Every Reading

  37. Install Smart Loggers • Stray Current Every 2 Km • Telluric Current every 5 Km

  38. Dynamic Stray Current

  39. Electric Transit Systems

  40. Correcting Stray and Telluric Current Interference

  41. Sub-Metre Accuracy Location Accuracy <1000 mm Subscription Required Cost $1000.00+ per Year

  42. Calibrate Half Cells Daily

  43. Why GPS? • What are the advantages of the Global Positioning System (GPS)? • Timing Accuracy (PPS) • No Necessity to Link Interrupters for Synchronization • Equipment Always Synchronized • Location Accuracy

  44. The GPS System • The GPS System consists of 24 satellites in orbit around the world.

  45. The GPS Constellation • 24 Satellites • 6 Orbital Planes • 4 Satellites/Plane • 20,200Km Altitude • 55°Inclination

  46. How it Works • Measurement of the Code Phase Arrival Times From at Least 4 Satellites • Location X,Y,Z + Time • 1 PPS signal

  47. GPS Navigation • Non Corrected Accuracy 1-50 M • Low Frequency Differential Correction 1 M • WAAS Correction 1-3 M • Omni star 0.2 M

  48. Timing Accuracy • 1 PPS broadcast from Atomic Clock Accuracy 365 Nanoseconds • Can be Received anywhere in the World • Links all Cath-Tech Equipment

  49. Analog DCVG

  50. Newest Instrument The Hexcorder Millennium IICIPS + DCVG

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