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Sponges

Sponges. Ryan Baker, Markesh Patel P.3. http://www.palaeos.com/Invertebrates/Porifera/Porifera.htm. PHYLUM. Porifera. Ryan Baker. EXAMPLES. Azure vase sponge ( Callyspongia plicifera ). http://reefguide.org/pixhtml/azurevase2.html. Ryan Baker. EXAMPLES. Variable Boring Sponge

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Sponges

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  1. Sponges Ryan Baker, Markesh Patel P.3 http://www.palaeos.com/Invertebrates/Porifera/Porifera.htm

  2. PHYLUM Porifera Ryan Baker

  3. EXAMPLES Azure vase sponge (Callyspongia plicifera) http://reefguide.org/pixhtml/azurevase2.html Ryan Baker

  4. EXAMPLES Variable Boring Sponge (Siphonodictyon coralliphagum) http://reefguide.org/pixhtml/variableboring3.html Ryan Baker

  5. EXAMPLES Strawberry Vase Sponge (Mycale laxissima) http://reefguide.org/pixhtml/azurevase2.html Ryan Baker

  6. BODY CAVITY • Present • “Spongocoel” • Water passesthrough pores(“porocytes”)and into thespongocoel http://wps.aw.com/bc_campbell_biology_7/26/6664/1706153.cw/index.html

  7. FLOW OF WATER 3) … and out through the osculum (connects spongocel to the environment) 2) … into the spongocel… 1) Water flows through the porocytes… http://wps.aw.com/bc_campbell_biology_7/26/6664/1706153.cw/index.html

  8. BODY SYMMETRY NONE or Radial • Most sponges are asymmetrical • However, some may exhibit radial symmetry

  9. NERVOUS SYSTEM • No nerve or sensory cells (only multicellular animal) • However: touch/pressure can cause body contraction NONE

  10. CIRCULATORY SYSTEM • No true circulatory system, just water flow & amoebocytes • Amoebocytes transport nutrients to other cells http://wps.aw.com/bc_campbell_biology_7/26/6664/1706153.cw/index.html

  11. DIGESTIVE SYSTEM • Choanocytes (collar cells) create a water current with flagella to trap food particles and ingest with phagocytosis. • Amoebocytes digest and transport nutrients. http://wps.aw.com/bc_campbell_biology_7/26/6664/1706153.cw/index.html

  12. Excretory System None

  13. Locomotion/Musculature -Sessile -Sponge larvae use tiny hair structures called cilia to swim until they attach to a surface. (few days) http://www.biology.ualberta.ca/CMD/Pics/LeysLarva.jpg

  14. Skeletal Type The Body of a Sponge contains 2 layers of cells Mesohyl – A gelatinous part between the layers of cells contains Amoebocytes-carry nutrients to cell/manufacture skeletal fibers # 1 Spicules made from calcium carbonate/silcia # 2 Spongin = more flexible http://www.biology.iastate.edu/Courses/211L/Porif/%20Porifindx.htm

  15. Sensory Structures/Features • None/VERY simple • They may close their ostia if there is too much matter in the water or if it has been touched.

  16. Reproduction • All Sponges are Hermaphrodites = male/female and sperm/egg • Gametes come from choanocytes and amoebocytes. Zygote develops in mesohyl • Zygote becomes larvae • Cross Fertilization • Asexual reproduction via Gemmules

  17. Gas Exchange • Water flow allows for the sponges to obtain oxygen and remove waste. • They exchange gases mainly by diffusion. (Most efficient way, because they have a large surface area)

  18. Other Unique Features • Sponges are known to grow back lost body parts. • All sponges are aquatic. • Collar cells called choanocytes are only found in these kinds of animals. • They are the only animal to use silicon as a support structure. • They are suspension feeders, meaning they capture small food particles suspended in the water.

  19. Question #1 Porifera are the only phylum that do not have a(n): a) Digestive systemb) Nervous system c) Skeletal system d) Circulatory system

  20. Question #1 Porifera are the only phylum that do not have a(n): a) Digestive systemb) Nervous system c) Skeletal system d) Circulatory system

  21. Question #2 Which of these systems DO Porifera truly have? a) Excretory systemb) Nervous system c) Skeletal system d) Circulatory system

  22. Question #2 Which of these systems DO Porifera truly have? a) Excretory systemb) Nervous system c) Skeletal system d) Circulatory system

  23. Question #3 Identify the structure in the picture: a) Spongocoelb) Amoebocyte c) Porocyte d) Osculum

  24. Question #3 Identify the structure in the picture: a) Spongocoelb) Amoebocyte c) Porocyte d) Osculum

  25. Question #4 Identify the structure in the picture: a) Spongocoelb) Amoebocyte c) Porocyte d) Osculum

  26. Question #4 Identify the structure in the picture: a) Spongocoelb) Amoebocyte c) Porocyte d) Osculum

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