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Extending ODRL to Enable Bi-Directional Communication

Extending ODRL to Enable Bi-Directional Communication. Alapan Arnab Andrew Hutchison. Agenda. Introduction Design Motivations Extensions Example. Introduction. RELs essentially allow for the expression of contract terms

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Extending ODRL to Enable Bi-Directional Communication

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  1. Extending ODRL to Enable Bi-Directional Communication Alapan Arnab Andrew Hutchison

  2. Agenda • Introduction • Design Motivations • Extensions • Example

  3. Introduction • RELs essentially allow for the expression of contract terms • All current RELs have a an uni-directional expression from rights holder to the end user • Thus, this does not allow for the full power that is achieved through a negotiated process

  4. RMS Example • Tom creates a document for Jill and protects it with RMS • Can only be read and edited by Jill • Time limit of a week • If Jill requires an extension, • Tom needs to rewrite the rules • Resend the protected document back to Jill

  5. “the assumption of a one-way expression of rights has in part led to the current deficiencies in the REL [XrML]” – Mulligan et al. [2002]

  6. Design Motivations • Need to use external control sets • Object separated from license (super distribution) • Use a request – response model

  7. New Functions Breakdown • License Server Functions • Keep track of extensions • Negotiation algorithms • AI for negotiating complex licenses • DRM Controller Functions • Keep track of updated use licenses

  8. Three Negotiation Elements • Request (from the user) • Deny Request (from the rights holder) • Accept Request (from the rights holder)

  9. Three Request Elements • Add • Remove • Replace

  10. Schema Diagrams

  11. Schema Diagrams Continued

  12. Putting it all together • Chosen to extend the rightsType element • Could have used other element, eg. negType • Our opinion – this is more elegant

  13. Example • Use scenario #2 from the ODRL 1.1 specs • Mary Smith (consumer) buys an e-book: “Why Cats Sleep and We Don’t” • Rights: • Single CPU • Print 2 times • Suppose Mary Smith is a journalist, and would like to write a thorough review • Want to excerpt pictures from various parts of e-book • Example essentially a case of fair use • Will also use an extension from an unpublished work

  14. <odrl-ext:rights> <odrl-ext:request> <o-ex:context> <o-dd:uid>urn:ebook.world/999999/license/1234567890-ABCDEF</o-dd:uid> </o-ex:context> <odrl-ext:request-add> <o-ex:permission> <o-dd:excerpt> <o-ex:constraint> <o-dd:range> <o-dd:min>3</o-dd:min> <o-dd:max>56</o-dd:max> </o-dd:range> </o-ex:constraint> </o-dd:excerpt> </o-ex:permission> </odrl-ext:request-add> <o-ex:party> <o-ex:context> <o-dd:uid>urn:ebook.world/999999/users/msmth-000111</o-dd:uid> <o-dd:name>Mary Smith</o-dd:name> </o-ex:context> </o-ex:party> </odrl-ext:request> </odrl-ext:rights> Initial Request

  15. <odrl-ext:rights> <odrl-ext:deny-request> <o-ex:context> <o-dd:uid>urn:ebook.world/999999/license/TRANS-0101</o-dd:uid> </o-ex:context> <odrl-ext:request-add> <o-ex:permission> <o-dd:excerpt> <o-ex:constraint> <o-dd:range> <o-dd:min>3</o-dd:min> <o-dd:max>56</o-dd:max> </o-dd:range> </o-ex:constraint> </o-dd:excerpt> </o-ex:permission> </odrl-ext:request-add> <o-ex:party> <o-ex:context> <o-dd:uid>urn:ebook.world/999999/users/msmth-000111</o-dd:uid> <o-dd:name>Mary Smith</o-dd:name> </o-ex:context> </o-ex:party> <odrl-ext:description> Excerption is only available with an academic, scholar or journalist credential. Furthermore, a maximum of 10% of the total protected work can be excerpted </odrl-ext:description> </odrl-ext:deny-request> </odrl-ext:rights> Rejection

  16. <odrl-ext:rights> <odrl-ext:grant-request> <o-ex:context> <o-dd:uid>urn:ebook.world/999999/license/1234567890-ABCDEF</o-dd:uid> </o-ex:context> <o-ex:context> <o-dd:uid>urn:ebook.world/999999/license/1234567890-ABCDEF-01</o-dd:uid> </o-ex:context> <odrl-ext:request-add> <o-ex:permission> <o-dd:excerpt> <o-ex:constraint> <o-dd:range> <o-dd:min>3</o-dd:min> <o-dd:max>13</o-dd:max> </o-dd:range> <o-dd-ext:credential> <o-dd-ext:OrList> <o-dd-ext:CredentialsType>Journalist</o-dd-ext:CredentialsType> <o-dd-ext:CredentialsType>Academic</o-dd-ext:CredentialsType> <o-dd-ext:CredentialsType>Scholar</o-dd-ext:CredentialsType> </o-dd-ext:OrList> </o-dd-ext:credential> </o-ex:constraint> </o-dd:excerpt> </o-ex:permission> </odrl-ext:request-add> <o-ex:party> <o-ex:context> <o-dd:uid>urn:ebook.world/999999/users/msmth-000111</o-dd:uid> <o-dd:name>Mary Smith</o-dd:name> </o-ex:context> </o-ex:party> </odrl-ext:request> </odrl-ext:rights> Counter Offer

  17. <odrl-ext:rights> <odrl-ext:grant-request> <o-ex:context> <o-dd:uid> urn:ebook.world/999999/license/1234567890-ABCDEF-01</o-dd:uid> </o-ex:context> <odrl-ext:request-add> <o-ex:permission> <o-dd:excerpt> <o-ex:constraint> <o-dd:range> <o-dd:min>3</o-dd:min> <o-dd:max>4</o-dd:max> </o-dd:range> <o-dd:range> <o-dd:min>16</o-dd:min> <o-dd:max>18</o-dd:max> </o-dd:range> <o-dd:range> <o-dd:min>56</o-dd:min> <o-dd:max>57</o-dd:max> </o-dd:range> <o-dd-ext:credential> <o-dd-ext:CredentialsType> Journalist </o-dd-ext:CredentialsType> </o-dd-ext:credential> </o-ex:constraint> </o-dd:excerpt> </o-ex:permission> </odrl-ext:request-add> <o-ex:party> <o-ex:context> <o-dd:uid> urn:ebook.world/999999/users/msmth-00111 </o-dd:uid> <o-dd:name>Mary Smith</o-dd:name> </o-ex:context> </o-ex:party> </odrl-ext:request> </odrl-ext:rights> Refined Request

  18. <odrl-ext:rights> <odrl-ext:grant-request> <o-ex:context> <o-dd:uid>urn:ebook.world/999999/ license/1234567890-ABCDEF</o-dd:uid> </o-ex:context> <o-ex:context> <o-dd:uid>urn:ebook.world/999999/ license/1234567890-ABCDEF-01</o-dd:uid> </o-ex:context> <odrl-ext:request-add> <o-ex:permission> <o-dd:excerpt> <o-ex:constraint> <o-dd:range> <o-dd:min>3</o-dd:min> <o-dd:max>4</o-dd:max> </o-dd:range> <o-dd:range> <o-dd:min>16</o-dd:min> <o-dd:max>18</o-dd:max> </o-dd:range> <o-dd:range> <o-dd:min>56</o-dd:min> <o-dd:max>57</o-dd:max> </o-dd:range> <o-dd-ext:credential> <o-dd-ext:CredentialsType> Journalist </o-dd-ext:CredentialsType> </o-dd-ext:credential> </o-ex:constraint> </o-dd:excerpt> </o-ex:permission> </odrl-ext:request-add> <o-ex:party> <o-ex:context> <o-dd:uid> urn:ebook.world/999999/users/msmth-000111 </o-dd:uid> <o-dd:name>Mary Smith </o-dd:name> </o-ex:context> </o-ex:party> </odrl-ext:request> </odrl-ext:rights> Request Accepted

  19. Future Work/Work in Progress • Aim to create a working prototype by end of September • Part of a smaller sub-project • Not yet too sure on AI aspect

  20. Conclusions • Presented extensions to ODRL 1.1 for bi-directional support • Enables negotiation between user and license server • Allows for the negotiation of any part of an ODRL license • Our opinion, this makes ODRL more complete • Would like to see these extensions (or similar structures) in ODRL 2.0 • Extensions can also be done in other RELs like XrML (which we have also done)

  21. Questions • Email: aarnab@cs.uct.ac.za ?

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