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Deponent Verbs

Deponent Verbs. just like other verbs, but different. One thing to know. Deponent verbs are PASSIVE in form, and ACTIVE in meaning. Therefore:. Have ½ as many forms (no active forms!) Can only be used in an active sense To express the passive, you must use a different verb, i.e.

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Deponent Verbs

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  1. Deponent Verbs just like other verbs, but different

  2. One thing to know • Deponent verbs are PASSIVE in form, and ACTIVE in meaning.

  3. Therefore: • Have ½ as many forms (no active forms!) • Can only be used in an active sense • To express the passive, you must use a different verb, i.e. hortātus sum (I encouraged) from hortor, hortārī, hortatus sum confirmātus sum (I was encouraged) from confirmo, confirmāre

  4. How do I recognize them? • Only have 3 principle parts • Principle parts have passive endings i.e. loquor, loqui, locutus sum – to speak • Normal verb has 4 principle parts i.e. dico, dicere, dixi, dictus – to speak

  5. How do you conjugate them? • Exactly like normal passive verbs!!! • No new endings

  6. Indicative

  7. Subjunctive

  8. But why???? • With many deponent verbs, the subject is experiencing the action (not doing it) just as if the verb were passive • patior, patī, passus sum = to suffer • vereor, verērī, veritus sum = to fear • queror, querī, questus sum = to complain

  9. How do I tell which conjugation it is? • Look at the infinitive • 1st = hortor, hortārī, hortatus sum • 2nd = vereor, verērī, veritus sum • 3rd = labor, labī, lapsus sum • 3rd IO = morior, morī, mortuus sum • 4th = orior, orīrī, ortus sum

  10. But don’t they have participles? • Yes, yes, they do! (& that is a good question) • The Present Participle is normal  • Present Stem + ns / nt + 3rd decl endings • hortor, hortārī, hortatus sum • Present Stem = horta • Present Participle = hortans, hortantis • Translates = “encouraging”

  11. I was asking about the other one • Did these last year  • The Perfect Participle forms regularly • Last principle part (3rd for deponents) • + 1st & 2nd declension endings • Hortatus = having verbed • NOT having been verbed • NOT PASSIVE

  12. Semi-Deponent Verbs • Verbs with trucks • Active forms for the Present, Imperfect, & Future • Passive forms for Perfect, Pluperfect, & Future Perfect • Therefore, normal principle parts for first 2, and a deponent 3rd principle part • audeō, audēre, ausus sum (to dare) • fiō, fierī, factus sum (to become) • gaudeō, gaudēre, gavisus sum (to rejoice)

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