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HOANG CONG TIN Hue University of Sciences VIETNAM

PRIMARY PRODUCTION IN THE SARGASSO SEA:. An Integration of Time Series In-Situ Data and Ocean Color Remote Sensing Observations . HOANG CONG TIN Hue University of Sciences VIETNAM. INTRODUCTION. Primary productivity (PP) is an extremely important component in the Earth’s

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HOANG CONG TIN Hue University of Sciences VIETNAM

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  1. PRIMARY PRODUCTION IN THE SARGASSO SEA: An Integration of Time Series In-Situ Data and Ocean Color Remote Sensing Observations HOANG CONG TIN Hue University of Sciences VIETNAM

  2. INTRODUCTION Primary productivity (PP) is an extremely important component in the Earth’s biogeochemical cycle and related to other factors (Field et al., 1998). The theory to calculate the PP from ocean color satellite images or in-situ data was developed (Platt, 1986). PP estimated using satellite is closely related with values measured in the field under overcast sky (Kahru et al., 2009).  Understanding the methods to calculate PP from remote sensing and field data using Bermuda Atlantic Time Series Study (BATS) as a case study.

  3. DATA AND METHODS 1. Data and Materials * SeaWiFSsatellite images L3 data (2004) Available at http://oceancolor.gsfc.nasa.gov/ * SeaWiFS derived satellite time series Chl-a data at Giovanni Available at http://reason.gsfc.nasa.gov/Giovanni/ * NOAA Pathfinder ver 5.4km (24 pixels/degree) SST http://www.nodc.noaa.gov/SatelliteData/pathfinder4km * Chl-a, Primary Production in-situ data from BATS Available at http://bats.bios.edu/

  4. DATA AND METHODS 2. Methods * Using SeaDAS software to analyze and process SeaWiFSimages. * Calculate and statistically analyze satellite data by using R, Matlab, MS. Excel software. Nonlinear regression model (Gaussian) equation used to parameterize Chl-a profiles at BATS station

  5. DATA AND METHODS 3. Study site Located 75km Southeast of Bermuda at 31o50’N, 64o10W Monthly sampling The map of Bermuda island and BATS station Source: BIOS’ website

  6. DATA AND METHODS CHL, SST, PAR CHL.a SST Primary Production PAR

  7. DATA AND METHODS Collect satellite imagery (SeaWiFS): SST, Chl, PAR The flow chart for calculate primary production from satellite image Collect in-situ data from BATS: Chl-a, PP Process and analyze satellite imagery using SeaDAS Calculate parameters for light transmission underwater from Chl-a biomass profile (R software) Estimate photosynthetic parameters (Platt et al. 1980) Calculate PP in the water column

  8. RESULTS Monthly-averaged maps of Chl-a distribution in the Sargasso Sea from SeaWiFS image mgC m-3 Bermuda Months Satellite-derived Chl-a variation by year Chlorophyll a concentration in Sargasso Sea The correlation between in-situand satellite Chl-a

  9. RESULTS Monthly-averaged maps of SST distribution in the Sargasso Sea from Pathfinder-5.0 image Bermuda Sea Surface Temperature in Sargasso Sea

  10. RESULTS Monthly-averaged maps of PAR in the Sargasso Sea from SeaWiFS\NASA server Bermuda PAR in the Sargasso Sea

  11. RESULTS Chl-a in 2004 JAN 2004 FEB 2004 MAR 2004 APR 2004 MAY 2004 JUN2004 JUL 2004 AUG 2004 SEP 2004 OCT 2004 NOV 2004 DEC 2004

  12. RESULTS SST in 2004 JAN 2004 FEB 2004 MAR 2004 APR 2004 MAY 2004 JUN2004 JUL 2004 AUG 2004 SEP 2004 OCT 2004 NOV 2004 DEC 2004

  13. RESULTS Temporal variability in Chlorophyll-a derived from satellite at BATS ? * Data analyzing * Missing data Chl- concentration (mgC m-2) Time

  14. RESULTS The vertical of chlorophyll biomass can be represented by a shifted Gaussian curve for which the parameters vary widely with regions and seasons . (Platt & Sathyendranath, 1988, 1989; Platt et al. 1991) Nonlinear regression model (Gaussian) equation used as a standard profile and fitted to Chl-a BATS profiles . Calculate B0, h, σ, zm from Chl-a in-situ vertical profile Daily Production using a shifted Gaussian biomass profile

  15. CHLOROPHYLL VERTICAL PROFILE AT BATS B0 = 0 h = 60.57 σ = 57.97 zm = 53.51 B0 = 0 h = 66.23 σ = 123.89 zm = 18.68 JAN 2004 FEB 2004 APR 2004 MAY 2004 JUN 2004 JUL 2004 AUG 2004 SEP 2004 B0 = 0.04 h = 14.58 σ = 16.38 zm = 93.29 AUG 2004 - FITTED JUN 2004 - FITTED JUL 2004 - FITTED

  16. CHLOROPHYLL VERTICAL PROFILE AT BATS OCT 2004 NOV 2004 SEP 2004 DEC 2004 DEC 2004 - FITTED αB & PmB after L. M. Lorenzo et al. (2004) for model inputs

  17. RESULTS Calculated PP from satellite and in-situ data In situ data mgC/m^3/day calculated Days Using Lorenzo parameters

  18. RESULTS Platt, Trevor; Sathyendranath, Shubha; et al, Nutrient Control of Phytoplankton Photosynthesis in the Western North Atlantic. Nature; Mar 19, 1999; 6366; Research Library, pg.229

  19. The comparison of primary production between remote sensing data and ship-board data at BATS In-situ Calculated αB, PmB from L. M. Lorenzo et al. (2004) Primary Production (mgC m-2 d-1) αB =0.016 PmB = 1.53 Months αB, PmB from Platt and Sathyendranath (1992) In-situ Calculated Primary Production (mgC m-2 d-1) αB = 0.087-0.136 PmB =2.96 - 5.25 Months

  20. Temporal variability in Chlorophyll-a derived from satellite and in-situ data at BATS RESULTS MAR 2004 MAR 2004 MAR 2004

  21. Conclusions • Surface chlorophyll-a in the Sargasso Sea shows distinct seasonal variation. • Primary production in the Sargasso Sea exhibits seasonality: dominant feature is the Spring bloom. • The model used to calculate PP needs to be refined and tested with additional field data.

  22. Lessons learned from the simultaneous analysis of field and satellite data + Gained knowledge on ocean color remote sensing and primary production. + Used SeaDAS & R software to process satellite data + Applied methods to calculate Primary Production from remote sensing * Analyzed satellite and in-situ data by R software * Running PP model using a vertical Chl-a profile

  23. Acknowledgements We would like to thanks Dr. Trevor Platt, Dr. ShubhaSathyendranath, Dr. George N. White, Dr. Heather , Dr. Li Zhai and Mr. Tom Jackson for their professional instructions.

  24. Thank you

  25. NOV 2004 JAN 2004

  26. (oC) (oC) (Em m-2 d-1) Photosynthetically active radiation and SST Months Chl-a concentration (mgC m-2) 1000 Months 800 Primary production (mgC m-2d-1) 600 400 200

  27. The temporal variability of Chlorophyll-a derived from satellite and in situ data in BATS RESULTS (oC) (oC) Photosynthetically active radiation and SST Months Chl-a concentration (mgC m-2) Months Months Primary production (mgC m-2d-1)

  28. Satellite Primary Production Model

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