Grease clip (2:51 min) https :// www.youtube.com/watch?v=0pyA6jAM3_I

1. BA Grease clip (2:51 min) • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0pyA6jAM3_I • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AoWdk9CB-mU (2:42 min)—Bollywood clip • What characteristics did you notice that were similar in both videos? • What was different?

2. India/Indian PerimeterCulture SSWG5 The student will describe the interaction of physical and human systems that have shaped contemporary South Asia, Southeastern Asia, and Eastern Asia. d. Describe the various ethnic and religious groups in the region and the effect of geography on their development and their major customs and traditions.

3. Caste System • Comes from Aryan society • Definition: set of rigid social categories that determined not only a person’s occupation and economic potential, but also his/her position in society • Varna = “color” – racial differences • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Oh_xvKLhZHg • Caste system video (4:21 min)

4. Caste System continued • Four Varnas of Aryan society: • Brahmans (1) • Priests • intellectual and spiritual leaders • Kshatriya (2) • Warriors and aristocrats • protectors of society • Vaishyas (3) • Merchants, farmers, artisans • skilled producers • Sudras(4) • Unskilled labor

5. Untouchables • Outside caste system • Given menial/degrading tasks that other Indians would not accept • Examples: collecting trash/handling dead bodies • Not considered human • Live in separate areas • No other Indian would touch anything they touched • If they traveled outside their living area, they were required to tap two sticks together so that others could hear them coming • Cannot deem anyone an untouchable now, but socially the practice is still acceptable

6. Hinduism • Has origins in Aryan beliefs • Believe every living thing has a spirit or soul which comes from the creator Brahma • Cow sacred b/c Hindus believe it has a soul • Polytheistic • 3 Main Gods: • Brahma: the Creator • Vishnu: the Preserver • Siva: the Destroyer

7. Hinduism continued • Believe in Reincarnation • Belief individual soul is reborn in a different form after death • Imp to process is the idea of karma • Karma: force generated by a person’s actions that determines how the person will be reborn in the next life • Karma ruled by dharma • dharma: divine law as to how people will complete their duty in life/people’s duty in life

8. Hinduism continued • Yoga • Designed for Hindus to become one with the gods • Leave behind the cycle of early life and achieve union with Brahma

9. Importance of the Ganges River • Hindus believe bathing in the Ganges will cleanse one’s soul • River is very polluted but waters have unique ability to retain oxygen • this is why epidemics, such as dysentery/cholera are killed off • People are still becoming sick by drinking or using the water • Efforts to stop or mediate bathing in the Ganges have fallen on deaf ears due to the religious significance of the river

10. Buddhism • Appeared in northern India around 6th Century BC • Founder was Siddhartha Gautama also known as Buddha • Siddhartha gave wealth to find true meaning of life/to become enlightened • Basic ideas behind Buddhism: • Give up pain/sorrow/material things (1) • Reach wisdom, then achieve nirvana which is the ultimate reality (2) • Found mostly in Nepal

11. Sikhism • Developed in the late 5th Century • Mixture of beliefs from Hinduism & Islam • Monotheistic • Small minority religion mostly located in Punjab province of Northern India • Believe in reincarnation/caste system (related to Hinduism) • Believe in one god/no alcohol/pray numerous times during the day (related to Islam)

12. Islam Main religion in Pakistan and Bangladesh Hindus & Muslims constantly fighting 95% of Pakistan’s Muslims are Sunni

13. TajMahal • Built by the Mogul invaders of India during the 17th Century --- invaders were Muslim • Built by a shah in memory of his wife who had died at age 39 while giving birth to their 14th child • Took 20 years to build • Exemplifies Persian & Mogul architecture • Meant to be a symbol of eternal love

14. Indian Food • Curry is an important spice in Indian cooking • Originally curry is any wet dish, usually eaten with a vegetable, rice, meat, such as chicken • British developed curry powder to take the flavor of Indian cuisine back to England • many are vegetarians --- Hindus will not eat beef while Muslims will not eat pork or drink alcohol

15. Indian Food continued • Many meals eaten on the floor • The majority of meals are eaten with the fingers • Etiquette says to leave a small amount of food on your plate to indicate satisfaction…if you eat all the food, it means you’re still hungry • Women will usually eat last due to the fact they must serve the men first

17. Indian Clothing • Many Indian women wear the sari • Brightly colored cloth that is draped over the body like a long dress • Some Indian men will wear the dhoti • Like a sarong --- considered formal wear • Clothing for both men/women usually loose fitting due to the warm climate

18. Bollywood • Mumbai (formally Bombay) Hindi film industry • One of the largest in the world --- rival of Hollywood • Characteristics: • Many films contain song/dance features(1) • One major plot, but many subplots (story w/in a story) • Very melodramatic(2) • Advertisement for films usually huge hand-painted billboards

19. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-T-msGHkZow • Snoop DoggBollywood style video—it’s clean • It’s over 5 min so show what you want of it