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System Analysis

System Analysis and Design. System Analysis. - Mr. Ahmad Al-Ghoul. Learning Objectives. Discuss the analytical skills, including systems thinking, needed for a systems analyst to be successful Describe the technical skills required of a systems analyst

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System Analysis

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  1. System Analysis and Design System Analysis - Mr. Ahmad Al-Ghoul

  2. Learning Objectives • Discuss the analytical skills, including systems thinking, needed for a systems analyst to be successful • Describe the technical skills required of a systems analyst • Discuss the management skills required of a systems analyst • Identify the interpersonal skills required of a systems analyst System Analysis and Design System Analysis

  3. Introduction • The system analyst is a key member of any systems development project. In a boarder sense, the systems analyst plays several roles: • Archaeologist and scribe: As a systems analyst, one of the main jobs is to uncover detail and to document business policy , passed down from generation to generation of users. • Innovator: The systems analyst must separate the symptoms of the user’s problem from the true causes. System Analysis and Design System Analysis

  4. Introduction • Mediator: The systems analyst who often finds himself in the middle of users, managers, programmers, auditors, and various other players, all of whom frequently disagree with one another. • Project leader: Because the systems analyst is usually more experienced than the others on the project, and since he is assigned to the project from the beganing, there is a natural tendency to assign project management responsibilities to the analyst. • To succeed as a systems analyst, you will develop four types of skills, Analytical Skills, Technical Skills, Management Skills, and Interpersonal Skills System Analysis and Design System Analysis

  5. Succeeding as a Systems Analyst • Analytical Skills for Systems Analysis • Analytical skills enable you to understand the organization and its functions, to identify opportunities and problems, and to analyze and solve problems. • Four Sets of Analytical Skills • Systems Thinking • Organizational Knowledge • Problem Identification • Problem Analyzing and Solving System Analysis and Design System Analysis

  6. Succeeding as a Systems Analyst • Analytical Skills for Systems Analysis • Systems Thinking • One of the most important analytical skills you can develop is system thinking, or the ability to see organizations and information systems as systems. • System thinking provides a framework from which to see the important relationships among information systems, the organizations they exist in, and the environment in which the organizations themselves exist. System Analysis and Design System Analysis

  7. Succeeding as a Systems Analyst • Analytical Skills for Systems Analysis • Systems Thinking • Important System Concepts • Decomposition • The process of breaking down a system into smaller components • Allows the systems analyst to: • Break a system into small, manageable subsystems • Focus on one area at a time • Concentrate on component pertinent to one group of users • Build different components at independent times System Analysis and Design System Analysis

  8. Succeeding as a Systems Analyst • Analytical Skills for Systems Analysis • Systems Thinking • Important System Concepts • Logical System Description • describes the purpose and function of the system • Does not tie the description to a specific physical implementation • Physical System Description • Focuses on how the system will be physically constructed System Analysis and Design System Analysis

  9. Succeeding as a Systems Analyst • Analytical Skills for Systems Analysis • Organizational Knowledge • Understanding of how organizations work • Knowledge of specific functions and procedures of organization and department • How work officially gets done • Internal policies • Competitive Environment • Organizational Strategies and Tactics System Analysis and Design System Analysis

  10. Succeeding as a Systems Analyst • Analytical Skills for Systems Analysis • Problem Identification • Problem: Difference between an existing situation and a desired situation • Identification is process of defining differences • Differences are defined by comparing the current situation to the output of a model that predicts what the output should be System Analysis and Design System Analysis

  11. Succeeding as a Systems Analyst • Analytical Skills for Systems Analysis • Problem Analyzing and Solving • Four Phases • Intelligence • All relevant information is collected • Design • Alternatives are formulated • Choice • Best alternative solution is chosen • Implementation • Solution is put into practice System Analysis and Design System Analysis

  12. Succeeding as a Systems Analyst • Technical Skills for Systems Analysis • Technical skills help you understand the potential and limitations of information technology. • As an analyst, you must be able to envision an information system that will help users solve problems and that will guide the system’s design and development. • You must also be able to work with programming languages, various operating systems, and computer hardware platforms. System Analysis and Design System Analysis

  13. Succeeding as a Systems Analyst • Technical Skills for Systems Analysis • Understanding of a wide variety of technologies is required • Microcomputers, workstations, minicomputers and mainframe computers • Programming languages • Operating systems • Database and file management systems • Data communication standards • Systems development tools and environments • Web development languages and tools • Decision support system generators System Analysis and Design System Analysis

  14. Succeeding as a Systems Analyst • Management Skills for Systems Analysis • Management skills help you manage projects, resources, risk, and change. • Four categories • Resource Management • Systems analyst needs to know how to get the most out of the resources of an organization, including team members • Project Management • Goals are prevent projects from coming in late and prevent projects from going over budget • Risk Management • Ability to anticipate what might go wrong in a project and minimize risk and/or minimize damage that might result • Change Management • Ability to assist people in making transition to new system and ability to deal with technical issues related to change System Analysis and Design System Analysis

  15. Succeeding as a Systems Analyst • Interpersonal Skills for Systems Analysis • Interpersonal skills help you work with end users as well as with other analysts and programmers. As a system analysts, you will play a major role as a mediator among users, programmers, and other systems professionals. • Effective written and oral communication, including competence in leading meetings, interviewing, and listening, is a key skill analysts must master • two types of skills: • Communication skills • Working alone and with a team System Analysis and Design System Analysis

  16. Succeeding as a Systems Analyst • Interpersonal Skills for Systems Analysis • Communication skills • Effective communication helps to establish and maintain good working relationships with clients and colleagues • Three types used by Systems Analyst • Interviewing and Listening • Questionnaires • Written and Oral Presentations System Analysis and Design System Analysis

  17. Succeeding as a Systems Analyst • Interpersonal Skills for Systems Analysis • Working alone and with a team • Working alone on aspects of project involves managing: • Time • Commitments • Deadlines • Team work involves establishing standards of cooperation and coordination System Analysis and Design System Analysis

  18. Sequence Summary • Skills of Successful Systems Analyst • Analytical • Systems Thinking • Technical • Change over time, programming languages, operating systems, database management systems, data communications, systems development techniques • Management • Resources, projects, risk, change • Interpersonal • Interviews and Questionnaires, written and oral presentations, facilitating groups System Analysis and Design System Analysis

  19. Sequence Summary • In this Sequence we have • Defined structured analysis and design • Discussed the analytical skills, including systems thinking, organizational knowledge, and problem identification • Defined the term system decomposition • Distinguished between logical and physical system description • Defined the term problem • Explained the Problem Analyzing and Solving phases • Described the technical skills required of a systems analyst • Discussed the management skills required of a systems analyst • Identified the interpersonal skills required of a systems analyst System Analysis and Design System Analysis

  20. Reference [2] Modern Systems Analysis and Design Third Edition Authors: Jeffrey A. Hoffer , Joey F. George, Joseph S. Valacich Publisher: prentice hall [2] introduction to systems analysis and sesign. Authors: Hawryszkiewyer Publisher: prentice hall 1990 System Analysis and Design System Analysis

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