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VIRUS MEANS “POISON”!

VIRUS MEANS “POISON”!. MADE OF PROTEIN AND NUCLEIC ACID (EITHER DNA or RNA) . Protein part is the CAPSID. NA is inside capsid. Living or Not? They have genetic material & structural proteins. BUT: No Ribosomes No Organelles No Nucleus Can’t Use Energy. AND: They Cannot

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VIRUS MEANS “POISON”!

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  1. VIRUS MEANS “POISON”!

  2. MADE OF PROTEIN AND NUCLEIC ACID (EITHER DNA or RNA)

  3. Protein part is the CAPSID NA is inside capsid

  4. Living or Not? They have genetic material & structural proteins

  5. BUT: No Ribosomes No Organelles No Nucleus Can’t Use Energy

  6. AND: They Cannot Reproduce on their own

  7. SO: They are NON-LIVING!

  8. They are referred to as Obligate Intracellular Parasites

  9. They need a HOST CELL in order to replicate.

  10. They can be classified 3 Ways:

  11. Polyhedron, Helical, Complex INTERESTING SHAPES!

  12. Some are “enveloped” with a membrane- like structure

  13. Their nucleic acid type: Either DNA or RNA virus

  14. DNA virus:DNA is inserted into cell, then protein synthesis using virus mRNA

  15. OR, Virus DNA joins host cell DNA and replicates with host cell DNA

  16. RNA Virus: virus RNA is inserted into host cell,makes proteins directly

  17. OR, RNA retrovirus: DNA, made by reverse transcription, joins host DNA, followed by protein synthesis

  18. Classified by whether or not the virus is disease-causing

  19. Virus can be “virulent”--causes disease right away (like a cold or flu)

  20. If virulent, they undergo the LYTIC CYCLE

  21. Lytic Cycle: 1) Adsorption: virus attaches to host cell

  22. 2) Entry: virus NA is injected into host cell

  23. 3) Replication: Host cell starts making virus parts

  24. 4) Assembly: virus parts get put together

  25. 5) Release: host cell gets so full of new viruses that it bursts, releasing viruses

  26. Virus can be “temperate”--waits to cause disease later (like HIV)

  27. a) If temperate, virus goes into the LYSOGENIC CYCLE

  28. b) LYSOGENIC CYCLE: Starts like lytic cycle with adsorption & entry

  29. c) Then, Attachment: virus DNA joins with host DNA

  30. d) Replication: Host cell undergoes replication; virus DNA gets copied

  31. e) Activation: something triggers the virus to become virulent (lytic)

  32. Then,it starts the LYTIC CYCLE and causes infection (disease).

  33. How are viruses spread? Bodily fluids Through air, water Direct contact

  34. What is smaller than a virus? Viroid--NA only cause plant diseases

  35. Prion--small strand of amino acids; mammal diseases like CWD or Mad Cow disease

  36. How could you prevent viral infections? Vaccinations Wash hands! Cover your mouth when sneezing or coughing! Safe sex!

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