Get out DBQ and thesis card

1. Get out DBQ and thesis card

2. Target • In much of Europe, absolute monarchy was established over the course of the 17th and 18th centuries • Know that France is an absolute Monarchy

3. Finish DBQ

4. Age of Absolutism: France Principles of Absolutism • Ruler had complete power • Established to restore law and order after religious wars o Ruler acts as “Father” of people • Ruler acts as “Father” • Duty to care for people • Allegiance to ruler, not state • Thomas Hobbes • Monarch had complete power • People gave up their right to power • No power to revolt • Jean Bodin • Divine Right • Bishop Bousset • Ruler’s authority comes from God alone • No Social Contract • Tutor of Louis XIV

5. Characteristics of Absolutism • Great Power • Sometimes abusive • Weakened opposition • Radical Decisions • Many Wars • Centralized Power • Large Standing Armies • Strong Bureaucracy • Religious Unity

6. French Absolutism pg____ Louis XIV (r. 1643-1715)  Sun King, model of absolutism • Context: Mother Anne of Austria and godfather Cardinal Jules Mazarin ruled a fractured and unstable country • BUT, France did have good things going form them that Louis could work off of: • Large population • Good land • Change under Louis XIV • Absolutist •  Divine Right • “L’etatestmoi”: I am the State • Strong centralized government • Relied on bourgeoisie/ intendents

7. The Fronde • Rebellion by nobles • 1648-1653 • Nobles tried to strengthen the Parliament (Local courts ) • Failed • Louis never trusted nobles again • Discovered by Mazarin (Regent, then chief minister) • Rebels Executed

8. Reforms Social Religious Repealed the Edict of Nantes Had allowed protestants to have equal rights, fortify towns, and build churches Richelieu took away right to fortify towns Louis XIV takes everything else away • Weakened nobility • Appointed bourgeoisie to bureaucracy (SERVICE NOBILITY, the intendents) • Built Chateau de Versailles • Invited nobles and had them do silly jobs • Nobles kept away from Paris and estates • Cultural Center •  military campaigns in North(Flanders), East (Lorraine and Alsace) and the south (pyrenes) made France powerful, but also more multicultural • French the hip language, but many French people spoke Spanish, Dutch, German, or regional languages

9. Economic Reforms based on Mercantilism  policy of Jean Baptist Colbert Negative impact: Wars Fleeing Huguenot middle class High taxes on peasants and less than 1% for nobles • Government should control economy • Export more than you import • As much specie as possible • Protected industries and subsidies to new ones

10. Administrative reforms Military Reforms Established Army Complete with artillery Made private armies illegal First “modern” army Professional soldiers Chain of command Provided uniforms and equipment Discipline and marching • Built bureaucracy • Intendents used in administration • Never called a meeting of the Estates General • Did not want to share power • Destroyed Parliaments • Local law courts run by the nobles • Tried limiting their power

11. SAQ Use your notes to answer A-B and the Reading to answer C • Describe ONE action or event in France from 1600-1700 that challenged absolutist • Describe ONE piece of evidence that proves how the concept of sovereign state and secular systems of law played a central role in the creation of new political institutions in France • Describe ONE war that shows how different models of political sovereignty affected the relationship between states and between states in Europe

12. Homework • Start Chapter 15 outlines and vocabulary – I will post vocabulary list and pacing guide tonight