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INTERNATIONAL MARKETING MANAGEMENT. SESSION 15: BUILDING AN INTERNATIONAL BRAND ARCHITECTURE. 1. THE ROLE OF INTERNATIONAL BRANDING. Increased attention to brand-building - visibility - channel power - cost economies Strong brands as a valuable asset in international markets
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INTERNATIONAL MARKETING MANAGEMENT SESSION 15: BUILDING AN INTERNATIONAL BRAND ARCHITECTURE 1
THE ROLE OF INTERNATIONAL BRANDING • Increased attention to brand-building - visibility - channel power - cost economies • Strong brands as a valuable asset in international markets • Branding as a central component in international marketing strategy 2
KEY DRIVERS OF BRAND ARCHITECTURE • Internationalization of markets • Industry consolidation • Increasing power of brands • Rising media costs 3
WHAT IS AN INTERNATIONAL BRAND? • Brands available in multiple countries • Global brands (Coca-Cola, Disney, Kit Kat) • Regional brands (Good Humor, Ariel) • Multi-country brands (Marmite, Walls, Algida) • Same brand name, different positioning (Mars) 4
WHAT IS A GLOBAL BRAND? • Geographic reach • Uniform positioning and image worldwide • Perceived by consumers as global 5
SOME EXAMPLES OF GLOBAL BRANDS Coca-Cola McDonald’s Nike Shell 6
ADVANTAGES OF INTERNATIONAL BRANDS • Strong customer recognition/reassurance • Economies of scale and scope • Leverages power with retailers • Consolidates efforts across countries • Potential for extension 7
DRIVERS OF A FIRM’S BRANDING STRATEGIES • Geographic extension of ‘power’ brands- e.g. Mars, Coca-Cola • Acquisition of local (national) companies and brands- e.g. Best • Integration of country-centered organizations- e.g. Unilever, Nestlé • Growth of brand alliances (co-branding)- e.g. Cereal Partners, Snack Ventures 8
A TYPOLOGY OF BRANDS • Corporate brand names- e.g. Shell, Kellogg’s, Philips, Heinz • Product brands- e.g. Tide, Marmite 9
A TYPOLOGY OF BRANDS…CONTINUED • House/family brands- e.g. Good Humor, Pedigree, Nivea, Goya 10
BRAND HIERARCHIES Corporate brands (Shell, Philips) House brands (Walls) Corporate-dominant Dual brands (Philips, Whirlpool) Endorsed by corporate brand (Nestle, Cadbury) Mixed Mono-brands (Tide, Pampers) Brand extensions Brand-dominant 11
PRESSURES FROM BOTH ENDS OF HEIRARCHY • Corporate identity/endorsement • Brand extensions More mixed strategies 12
INTEGRATING THE INTERNATIONAL BRAND PORTFOLIO Portfolio ofmono brands(Mostly local) (Akzo Nobel) Partially integrated structure (Kleenex) International brand heirarchy (Nestlé) Transition to integration Unintegrated Integrated 13
CUSTODY DRIVERS • Structure of international brand portfolio • Organizational structure • Power of local brands • Management vision 14
ALTERNATIVE CUSTODY STRATEGIES • No international management strategies • Negotiation between corporate H.Q. and local country managers • Brand champions • Corporate guidelines (brand manuals) • Centralized control Degree of Centralization 15
CUSTODY ISSUES EXISTING PRODUCTS • Establishing and MaintainingBrand Harmonization NEW PRODUCTS • Monitoring Brand Extensions • Monitoring Line Extensions Content Process 16
IMPLICATIONS • Role of branding in strengthening firm’s global image • Importance of establishing international branding strategy/brand architecture • Appropriate balance of global, regional and local brands should be determined • Need to assign responsibility for custody of international brands 17