1 / 11

INTERNATIONAL MARKETING MANAGEMENT

INTERNATIONAL MARKETING MANAGEMENT. SESSION 11: INTERNATIONAL PRICING. 1. ISSUES IN ESTABLISHING INTERNATIONAL PRICING POLICY. Use of Price as a Competitive Tool Standardized vs. Differentiated Prices. 2. PRICING: BARRIERS TO STANDARDIZATION. Shipping and Transportation Costs, Tariffs

hestia
Download Presentation

INTERNATIONAL MARKETING MANAGEMENT

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. INTERNATIONAL MARKETING MANAGEMENT SESSION 11: INTERNATIONAL PRICING 1

  2. ISSUES IN ESTABLISHING INTERNATIONAL PRICING POLICY • Use of Price as a Competitive Tool • Standardized vs. Differentiated Prices 2

  3. PRICING: BARRIERS TO STANDARDIZATION • Shipping and Transportation Costs, Tariffs • Income Levels, Price Sensitivity • Prices of Competing and Substitute Products • Trade Margins, Taxes, Price Regulation 3

  4. Foreign Exchange Risk: Changes in Value of One Currency vs. Another HEDGING • Rates of Inflation • Lack of Foreign Exchange BARTERING • Gray Markets FACTORS COMPLICATING INTERNATIONAL PRICING DECISIONS 4

  5. PORTRAIT OF A DEAL 5

  6. GRAY MARKETS DEFINITION Branded or trade-marked product sold through unauthorized distribution channels triggered by price differentials between countries POSITIVE CONSEQUENCES • Taps Price-Sensitive Customers NEGATIVE CONSEQUENCES • Damage to Trademark/Quality Image • Legal Liabilities -- Warranties, etc. • Strained Channel/Distributor Relations • Disruption of Global Marketing Strategy STRATEGIES TO COUNTERACT GRAY MARKETS • Price Cutting • Differentiate Product Model, Warranties, etc. • Cutoff/Control Supply • Promote Gray Market Product Limitations 6

  7. COSTS • Production • Freight and Packaging • Handling and Processing Costs DUTIES • Import Duties • Custom Duties MARGINS • Importer Margins • Distribution Margins PRICE ESCALATION COST-BASED PRICING 7

  8. NON-COST FACTORS TO CONSIDER IN INTERNATIONAL PRICING DEMAND • Price Sensitivity • Modes of Payment • Quality and Prestige Associations COMPETITION • Prices of Competing and Substitute Products • Competitor Reaction DISTRIBUTION • Availability of Certain Outlets/Discounters, etc. • Regulation of Retail/Wholesale Margins and Prices 8

  9. ONE CAR, SO MANY PRICES Prices for a Volkswagen Golf* BRITAIN $13,040 FINLAND 8,290 FRANCE 10,510 GERMANY 11,040 ITALY 10,690 * Excludes taxes DATA: EUROPEAN UNION 9

  10. 10

  11. SUMMARY • Aggressive Pricing as Difficult to Sustain • Difficult to Standardize Pricing Internationally • Importance of Considering Demand, Competition and Infrastructure Factors 11

More Related