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WiTricity Technology: The Basics

WiTricity Technology: The Basics. Presented by Bretny Khamphavong. Image source: http://www.witricity.com/index.html. WiTricity … What is it?. Wireless electricity = WiTricity The transfer of electric energy or power over a distance without the use of wires Electricity

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WiTricity Technology: The Basics

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  1. WiTricity Technology: The Basics Presented byBretnyKhamphavong Image source: http://www.witricity.com/index.html

  2. WiTricity… What is it? • Wireless electricity = WiTricity • The transfer of electric energy or power over a distance without the use of wires • Electricity • Current – flow of electrons through the atmosphere • Charges through the atmosphere

  3. Magnetism • Fundamental force of nature • Materials attract or repel • Oscillating magnetic fields • Vary with time • Generated by altering current • Drawings • Strength • Direction

  4. Earth’s Magnetic Fields Image source: http://www.ssec.honeywell.com/magnetic/overviews.html

  5. Electromagnetism • Interdependence of time-varying electric and magnetic fields • An oscillating magnetic field produces an electric field • An oscillating electric field produces a magnetic field

  6. Magnetic Induction • A conductor which carries alternating current • Example: copper, silver, aluminum • Loop generates an oscillating magnetic field • Second loop may pick up current • Power devices • Examples of magnetic induction: electric transformers and electric generators

  7. Magnetic Fields Orange – coil with current Blue – magnetic fields created If current is reversed, the direction of the magnetic fields also change. Image source: http://www.witricity.com/pages/technology.html

  8. Coupling • Energy/Power • Energy source has a means of transferring energy to another object • Magnetic • Magnetic field of one object interacts with a second object and induces current • Resonant Magnetic • Natural frequencies of two objects are approximately the same

  9. Resonance • Defined as the natural frequency at which energy can most efficiently be added to an oscillating system • Examples: • Child on a swing • Singer shattering a wine glass

  10. WiTricity Power Power source connected to alternating current, or AC, which then powers a light bulb Image source: http://www.witricity.com/pages/technology.html

  11. WiTricity’s Beginnings:The Invention ofWiTricity Technology

  12. Things that Go Beep in the Night • MIT Associate Professor of Physics, Marin Soljačić • Awakened by his dying mobile phone • “A phone should take care of its own charging!” Image source: http://web.mit.edu/physics/people/faculty/soljacic_marin.html

  13. Eureka! Coupled Resonators • Practical and safe wireless power transfer must exchange strong energy without affecting living beings or other environmental objects (furniture or walls) • Solution: coupled resonators • Two resonant objects of the same resonant frequency exchange energy efficiently without much leakage

  14. Strong Coupling • Highly efficient energy transfer • Universal, applying to all kinds of resonances • Acoustic • Mechanical • Electromagnetic • Soljačić, Karalis, and Joannopoulospublished first theoretical resultsin 2006, again in Annals of Physicsof 2008

  15. Strong Coupling Con’t • Soljačić, Kurs, Karalis, Moffatt, Joannopoulos, and Fisher validated theories experimentally • Proved coupling could be achieved over distances that greatly exceeded the size of the resonant objects themselves • Published in Science journal in 2007

  16. WiTricity Technology is Born • Experiment equipment: • two copper coils—each a self-resonant system, • one coil connected to AC acted as the resonant source, • second coil acted as the resonant capture device and connected to a 60 watt light bulb

  17. WiTricty in Action • Power source and capture device suspended in mid-air about 2.5 meters apart with nylon thread Image source: Multi-hop Wireless Electricity Charging Protocol inWireless Sensor Networks Proposal

  18. WiTricity Technology is Born Con’t • Various objects placed between the source and capture device • Demonstrated magnetic fields transferring power through selected materials and around metallic obstacles

  19. Conclusion • It is possible to transmit electric energy or power over a distance without the use of wires • Marin Soljačić accomplished this through the use of strongly coupled magnetic resonators • The commercial implementation of this concept is known as WiTricity

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