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Chapter 2 Review. True or False?. Atoms tend to undergo chemical reactions that decrease their stability FALSE. True or False. Mass # = # of protons + # of electrons FALSE. True or False. Oxidation occurs when a reactant loses electrons TRUE. True or False.
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True or False? • Atoms tend to undergo chemical reactions that decrease their stability • FALSE
True or False • Mass # = # of protons + # of electrons • FALSE
True or False • Oxidation occurs when a reactant loses electrons • TRUE
True or False • The products of an endergonic reaction posses less energy than the reactants • FALSE
What are the charged particles that move around an atom’s nucleus? • Electrons
This type of bond results when atoms share one or more pairs of electrons • Covalent
What do we call the amount of energy needed to start a chemical reaction? • Activation energy
Chemical reaction that can proceed forward and backward • Reversible
One water molecule will bond to another water molecule by what type of bond? • Hydrogen
How many electrons can the energy level closest to the nucleus hold? • 2
What types of bonds are broken when salt dissolves in water? • Ionic
A basic solution has a excess of what type of ions? • Hydroxide
True or False? • Catabolism is an example of an endothermic reaction • FALSE
Isotopes contain the same number of protons, but a different number of which other subatomic particle? • Neutrons
True or False • Activation energy is the amount of energy available to do work • FALSE
If pH is increasing from 2 to 6, which ion is increasing in concentration? • Hydroxide
Draw a Bohr diagram and a dot diagram for the following elements • Carbon • Nitrogen • Be able to draw these for various elements!
Free hydrogen ions react with a water molecule to form what type of ion? • Hydronium
What ultimately determines how elements bond to form compounds? • Number and arrangement of electrons in energy levels
What do we call a substance able to neutralize small amounts of acids and bases? • Buffer
Substance dissolved in a solution • Solute
Amount of solute / fixed amount of solvent = ? • Concentration
A pH is increasing from 4 to 9 • Which ion is increasing? • How many times more of this ion is present at pH of 9? • Hydroxide • 105 or 100,000