Chapter 2 Review

1. Chapter 2 Review Jamestown, The Puritans, and the Middle Colonies

2. Native American & English Relations Why did the trades or bargains between Indians and the English colonist not work out? Native Americans required larger area of lands for their nomadic lifestyle, and they also viewed the idea of ownership differently. The English bargained with the Indians for ownership of the land since they were farmers and lived in one area (sedentary lifestyle), but Natives thought they were offering goods to share the land. They did not believe in ownership of the Earth. When Natives tried to hunt on the land they thought they were sharing, disputes broke out since they had misunderstood the English intent. The English also had a prejudice view towards Indians, which led to them taking land and going to war with an “inferior” race.

3. Jamestown’s Success What led to the success of Jamestown? Several factors led to Jamestown’s success: The leadership of John Smith– “he that does not work, shall not eat” John Rolfe’s strain of tobacco that could grow in colder climates. The Headright System which brought in more settlers/servants. The labor of indentured servants working the fields.

4. Bacon’s Rebellion Explain the events in Bacon’s rebellion. Why did it begin, and how did it end? Who were the primary agents involved? Native American attacks on the western farms of Virginia led to the poor farmers seeking help from Governor William Berkeley. Berkeley had been levying higher taxes for personal gain, and did nothing to help the lower class. Bacon raised an army to fight the natives in 1676, but Berkeley declared his army illegal. Angered with his ruling, Bacon marched into Jamestown with his army to confront colonial leaders about several issues. The mob turned violent and led to Berkeley fleeing the settlement. Bacon died shortly after of dysentery, but the Governor was recalled to England and this became an example of the power in the solidarity of the lower class.

5. Puritans Vs. Quakers Puritans Quakers Wanted to purify the Church of England. Did not believe in equality and required you to be a member of the church to vote. Did not allow religious freedom. Meeting house still had seating based on wealth and a pulpit. Fought several wars with Natives over land. Believed the God’s “inner light” was in all of us. Egalitarian society Pacifists Religious toleration Peace with Natives for 50yrs. Meeting house had no hierarchy, anyone could speak.

6. Formation of the Colonial Regions New England colonies were founded by Puritans. They were self-reliant and did not connect with England. Religious based communities that immigrated as families. Middle colonies were the result of two things. The take over of the Dutch New Netherlands and the Quaker establishment of Pennsylvania. The Quakers differed greatly from the Puritans. New York relied heavily on the fur trade. Very close connection with England. Southern colonies faced the most hardships in the starving time. Tobacco cultivation was key to survival, and this region would become exclusively agricultural.

7. Final Thoughts Make sure to pre-write the essay! Study hard and you will do well… promise. Test is on Monday! Push in your chairs, clean up your trash, and have a great day.