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Schizophrenia

Schizophrenia. What is schizophrenia?. Most disabling and chronic of all mental illnesses Psychosis: type of mental illness- cannot distinguish reality from imagination Psychotic episodes Distorts: Thinking (may believe others are controlling their thoughts) Expression of emotions

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Schizophrenia

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  1. Schizophrenia

  2. What is schizophrenia? • Most disabling and chronic of all mental illnesses • Psychosis: type of mental illness- cannot distinguish reality from imagination • Psychotic episodes • Distorts: • Thinking (may believe others are controlling their thoughts) • Expression of emotions • Perceptions of Reality • Relationships with others

  3. Types of Schizophrenia • Paranoid-type: delusions and auditory hallucinations • Disorganized-type: speech/behavior is unorganized/difficult to understand • Undifferentiated-type: combination of paranoid & disorganized schizophrenia • Residual-type schizophrenia: past history, but no current symptoms

  4. Schizophrenia Misconceptions • Schizophrenics are violent/uncontrollable • Can’t lead productive lives • Schizophrenia is “split personalities”

  5. Causes of Schizophrenia • Poorly understood • Occurs in 1% of the population, generally appearing between 16-30 • Combination of genetic, environmental, and behavioral factors • Physical brain abnormalities • Chemical imbalances • Inheritance • First degree relative with Schizophrenia= 10% • Identical twin of individual with Schizophrenia= 40-65%

  6. 5 Types of Symptoms • Delusions • Hallucinations • Disorganized Speech • Disorganized Behavior • Negative Symptoms (absence of normal behaviors)

  7. Delusions • Persecution: belief that other are out to get him or her • Reference: a neutral environmental even is believed to have a special and personal meaning • Grandeur: belief that one is a famous or important figure • Control: belief that one’s thoughts or actions are being controlled by outside, alien force

  8. 2. Hallucinations • Sounds or other sensations experienced as real when they exist only in the person’s mind • Auditory and Visual • Meaningful • Worse when alone

  9. 3. Disorganized Speech • Loose Association – topic to topic, no connection from one thing to the next • Neologisms – made-up words/phrases that only have meaning to patient • Perseveration – repetition of words and statements • Clang – Meaningless use of rhyming words

  10. 4. Disorganized Behavior • Decline in daily functioning • Inappropriate emotional responses • Behaviors that appear bizarre • Lack of inhibition and impulse control

  11. 5. Negative Symptoms • Lack of emotional expression • Lack of interest or enthusiasm • Seeming lack of interest in the world • Speech difficulties

  12. Treatment • NO Cure • Medication and Therapy • Medication treats the symptoms, not the illness • Antipsychotics • Therapy to develop social skills • Electroconvulsive Therapy

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