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Functions during exercise

Functions during exercise. stroke volume - amount of blood pumped during each systole 33% increase during exercise maximal stroke volume and maximal heart rate do not always coincide ? intense exercise. Cardiac output/blood pressure. amount of blood pumped by the heart each minute

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Functions during exercise

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  1. Functions during exercise • stroke volume - amount of blood pumped during each systole • 33% increase during exercise • maximal stroke volume and maximal heart rate do not always coincide • ? intense exercise

  2. Cardiac output/blood pressure • amount of blood pumped by the heart each minute • HR X SV = Q • majority of increase in Q is due to increased HR, small increase in SV • blood pressure varies • HR • blood volume • ventricular contraction • resistance of blood flow • normal systemic blood pressure in horse • 135/95 to 155/110 • pulmonary blood pressure much lower • less force of contraction, less resistance to flow

  3. Total Blood Volume • critical index of a horses fitness • factors contributing to total blood volume and hemoglobin • breed, age, bodyweight, training & sex • training • sprint trained animals have lower Hg levels and PCV than endurance trained animals • ? - more aerobic work stimulates more production of RBC by bone marrow

  4. Blood Circulation • onset of exercise • some plasma diffuses from blood to tissue • blood becomes more viscous • high PCV • O2 carrying capacity increases due to increased % of RBC per unit of blood • shift of blood from other body parts to exercising muscle tissue • *15% to 85% to muscle • *assists in thermoregulation • *diaphragm

  5. Effects of Conditioning • cardiovascular changes occur quite rapidly (2 months) • resting HR - no change • maximal HR - no change • heart rate lower following conditioning to do same workload as unconditioned • HR returns to resting value faster with conditioning • endurance conditioning increases plasma volume 20% and hemoglobin concentration 34% (increased SV) • sprint conditioning - greater increases in PCV, RBC, and hemoglobin then endurance conditioning (resting)

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