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Psychology 320: Gender Psychology Lecture 37

Psychology 320: Gender Psychology Lecture 37. Invitational Office Hour Invitations, by Student Number for January 21 st 11:30-12:30, 3:30-4:30 Kenny 2517. 16146078 32039091 34887091 35122092 40971087. Romantic Relationships:.

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Psychology 320: Gender Psychology Lecture 37

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  1. Psychology 320: Gender PsychologyLecture 37

  2. Invitational Office Hour Invitations, by Student Number for January 21st11:30-12:30, 3:30-4:30 Kenny 2517 16146078 32039091 34887091 35122092 40971087

  3. Romantic Relationships: 1. What characteristics do females and males desire in a mate? (continued) 2. Are there sex differences in the experience of love?

  4. By the end of today’s class, you should be able to: 1. identify sex similarities and differences in mate preferences. 2. review theories of sex differences in mate preferences and the research findings that support them. 3. discuss sex similarities and differences in Sternberg’s components of love and Lee’s love styles.

  5. What characteristics do females and males desire in a mate? (continued) • Explanations for sex differences in importance of resource potential and physical attractiveness:

  6. 1. Evolutionary explanation: Emphasizes sex differences in minimal parental investment. 2. Social role explanation: Emphasizes division of labour between males and females in traditional societies. 3. Social construction explanation: Emphasizes social norms regarding desirable characteristics.

  7. Although sex differences consistently emerge with respect to the importance of resource potential and physical attractiveness, research indicates that these characteristics are relatively unimportant to both sexes:

  8. Hatfield and Sprecher, 1995 • Assessed mate preferences in Japan, Russia, and the US. • In all cultures, found that both sexes valued “internal” attributes (e.g., kind) more than “external” attributes (e.g., physically attractive).

  9. * Significant difference. Mate Preferences Among Males and Females in Japan, Russia, and the US (Hatfield & Sprecher, 1995)

  10. Moreover, research suggests that both sexes are attracted to individuals who possess attributes similar to their own. Thus, research supports the “similarity-attraction” hypothesis (vs. the “potential-attraction” hypothesis) for both sexes.

  11. Donald and Melania Trump Anna Nicole Smith and Howard Marshall Hugh Hefner and Girlfriends

  12. Angelina Jolie and Brad Pitt Danny Divito and Reah Perlman Beyonce and Jay-Z

  13. Are there sex differences in the experience of love? • Several theories of love have been proposed by psychologists. Among these theories are:

  14. 1. Sternberg’s Triangular Theory of Love • Maintains that there are three components associated with love: passion, commitment, and intimacy. • Identifies 8 types of love based on the presence or absence of these components.

  15. Intimacy Passion Commitment Sternberg’s Triangular Theory of Love (Sternberg, 1986, 1997)

  16. Intimacy Intimacy Passion Commitment Size of triangle = Amount of love Passion Commitment Shape of triangle = Type of love

  17. Sternberg’s Taxonomy of Kinds of Love (1986)

  18. Research has examined sex similarities and differences with respect to Sternberg’s three components of love: Sternberg, 1997: F > M in intimacy, but F = M in commitment and passion.

  19. 2. Lee’s Theory of Love Styles • Maintains that there are (a) three primary love styles: eros, storge, and ludus, and (b) three blends of love styles: mania, pragma, agape.

  20. Agape EROS STORGE Mania Pragma LUDUS Lee’s Theory of Love Styles (Lee, 1973; Hendrick and Hendrick, 1986)

  21. Lee’s Taxonomy of Love Styles (Lee, 1973; Hendrick and Hendrick, 1986)

  22. Research has examined sex similarities and differences with respect to Lee’s love styles: Hendrick and Hendrick, 2002; Lacey, 2004: F > M on storge and pragma; M > F on ludus and agape. • Research has also examined the correlation between self-esteem and Lee’s love styles: Hendrick and Hendrick, 2002: Positive correlation with eros and ludus; negative correlation with mania; no correlation with storge, pragma, and agape.

  23. Romantic Relationships: 1. What characteristics do females and males desire in a mate? (continued) 2. Are there sex differences in the experience of love?

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