Options For S tudents W ith D isabilities A nd T ips F or C ounselors

1. Options For Students With Disabilities And Tips For Counselors Julie Smith – Transition Specialist, Glenbrook South High School Michael Southern – Director of Disability Services, at the University of Cincinnati Gretchen Stauder-Post High School Counselor, New Trier High School

2. What kind of skills are needed in order to be successful in college? • Strong self-motivation in college prep courses • A full scale I.Q. in the average range of intelligence • Solid ability to understand verbal concepts and symbols and to communicate ideas and thoughts both orally and in writing • Understanding of learning style, including an awareness of academic strengths and weaknesses • Ability to function independently in the academic environment Is College the Right Choice?

3. Learning Disability • Intellectual Disability • ADHD • Autism Spectrum Disorder • Physical Disability • Communication Disorder Defining Disabilities

4. Person First Language • Some students receive accommodations • Some students have curriculum which is very different from the general education curriculum • Confidentiality • Not your job to diagnose • Ask student about strengths or weaknesses • Allow time for student to process information • Positive feedback • Avoid use of abstract language and sarcasm A few pointers for counselors!

5. How do you learn best? • What are your accommodations? Which ones do you think you will need in college? • Is there a particular area you struggle with? • Foreign Language? Good questions to ask

6. Is a 2 year school a better fit? • Would a gap year be beneficial? • Why do I want to attend college? • Is my curriculum really preparing me for college? • How much time is spent on studying? • Do I wake myself in the morning or am I relying on someone else? • How much support am I currently using? • Landmark College Assessing College Readiness Questions students should ask themselves

7. IDEA ADA Individual Responsibility Focus on accommodations Focus on nondiscrimination and undue hardship No link between federal funds and compliance with the law • Schools’ responsibility • LRE, quality and free • Individualized Planning and related services • Applies until student graduates or reaches age of 22 • Transition services Differences in the Law

8. No IEP • No IDEA- working under ADA and 504 regulations • Students must self identify • Pay for services in some cases High School vs. Post-Secondary

9. Secondary Environment : Students learn about their disability and the importance of self-advocacy. The student gradually assumes more ownership over time. Parents act as strong advocates. • Post-Secondary Environment: Students must self-identify, describe their disability, identify strengths & weaknesses, identify accommodations needed and become a competent self-advocate. Students areconsidered adults. Privacy required by FERPA. Self-AdvocacyTransition

10. When College is not the Right Choice

11. Designed to accommodate students whose options may not include traditional college • Own contained facility or separate facility on traditional campus • Consider potential rather than high school record • Small classes and selected faculty • Focus on basic skills review and reinforcement of independent life skills • Non-Degree Status- skill building and experience with vocational planning for graduation from the program • Strong vocational component Alternative Post-Secondary Programs

12. Career Foundations (Harper College) • ELSA (Elmhurst College) • PACE Program (National Louis University) • Personal Success Program (College of Lake County) • Chapel Haven- Westville, Connecticut. • College Internship Program – Indiana University, Bloomington • Horizon Program- University of Alabama Birmingham • Life Development Institute- Phoenix, Arizona • Minnesota Life College- Richfield, Minnesota • Reach Program-University of Iowa • Riverview School GROW Program- East Sandwich, Massachusetts • Supported School to Work Transition Program, Lewis and Clark Community College-Godfrey, Illinois • Threshold Program at Lesley College- Cambridge, Massachusetts • VIP Program- New York Institute of Technology Examples

13. We all have different expertise • Work with in school staff to ensure a appropriate plan • Collaboration with counselor and special education teacher • Disability Service Office at colleges Partnering

14. The College Search Process

15. What is best type of setting for student? • Are they ready? • Are technical programs more appropriate? • How much support is needed? • One of the search factors should be Academic Support and/or Disability Support Services • Common mistake: “I have done well in high school so I will not need services at college.” Beginning the Search

16. Post-Grad year • Gap year • 2 year college • Technical school • Community college • 4 year college Choices/Options

17. Post Grad Year- (Pre-college Preparation) • Strengthen study strategies • Additional preparation in math and writing • Personalized attention • Residential component (Thames Academy, Connecticut) • Gap Year • Work • Options that range in location and fee • Gap Year Fair at New Trier January 2014 (Apply Concurrently) College bound but…

18. Technical Schools- vocational component and career certificates • Community College • Terminal Option - vocational component • Transfer Option- plan to transfer and earn B.A. or B.S. • Schools with residential options • Vincennes University, IN (STEP Program) • Lincoln College, IL (ACCESS Program) • Kirkwood Community College, IA • Parkland Community College, IL • University of Cincinnati- Blue Ash, OH 2 year College Options

19. Accommodations • Comprehensive Programs • Full-Service Programs • Specific Colleges for Students with Learning Differences Levels of Support

20. Accommodations • May not have a specific department for LD students • Student arranges for accommodations • Academic support is not centralized • Comprehensive Services • Structure for providing services to LD students • Office in charge of making arrangements for students with disabilities • Tutoring may be available by LD specialists or peer/subject tutors supervised by director • Learning Specialist often coordinates services Accommodations or Services?

21. Study skill strategies and awareness building with personalized attention • Fee for Service • Staff includes trained specialist(s) • Students required to spend a specific amount of time each week in the support center • Regular scheduled meetings with staff • Special arrangements may be made for course selection/registration • Often separate application and apply concurrently Full-Service Programs

22. University of Arizona (SALT Program) • University of Denver (LEP Program) • University of Indianapolis (BUILD) • Loras College (Enhanced Program) • Lynn University (Institute for Achievement and Learning) • Southern Illinois University (ACHIEVE Program) • University of Wisconsin – Oshkosh (Project Success) • University of Wisconsin- Whitewater (Project Assist) • Schools Specific for Students with Disabilities • Landmark University in Vermont • Beacon College in Florida Schools with Special Programs

23. The College Application

24. Voluntary • Provides a context for admission representatives • Explains the nature of the disability and its impact on learning and/or grades • Verbalize how their disability impacts them • Highlights growth and current accommodations • Addresses anticipated support needs • Additional Information rather than topic of essay • Disclose during application or after acceptance? Personal Statement/Disclosure

25. Have a conversation with student about what they want disclosed • Obtain permission before disclosing • Highlight strengths of student • Focus on student not disability Counselor Letter of Recommendation

26. Institutions may not make inquiries about prospective students’ disabilities prior to admitting them. • Myths • It will be easier to be accepted by a college • Requirements for admission will be changed • Disclosing will hurt chances of acceptance Considerations

27. College Disability Services

28. It’s a Jungle Out There: Surviving the Post-Secondary Transition

29. QUIZ TIME!!!!! WHAT IS THE “TEXTBOOK” DEFINTION OF DISABILITY?

30. “A PHYSICAL OR MENTAL IMPAIRMENT THAT SUBSTANTIALLY LIMITS ONE OR MORE MAJOR LIFE ACTIVITIES” (Hint…..remember this definition ) Disability

31. A) Receiving Disability Services-Intake Process B) Documentation C) Laws D) Advocacy E) Fundamental Alterations Differences Between Secondary and Post-Secondary

32. Secondary Environment: School districts are responsible for identifying students with disabilities, design special education instruction and/or providing and paying for accommodations. The focus is creating student success. • Postsecondary Environment: Students are responsible for seeking disability related services on campus from Disability Services Offices (DSO) and requesting accommodations within their classes. The focus is providing equal access. RECEIVING DISABILITY SERVICES

33. Student needs to contact Disability Services Office (DSO) to arrange for an intake appointment . • In an ideal situation, documentation (more information to come about this) should be presented ahead of time for DSO to review and develop questions specific for that student • Student should be prepared to discuss strengths/challenges. • Student should be able to discuss their disability and how it affects (impacts) them. The Intake Process For Students At Post- Secondary level

34. Secondary Environment: School districts are responsible for providing trained experts to assess eligibility and plan education services. Experts may include: School psychologists, Speech Pathologists, school counselors, etc. Collectively, they develop and implement IEP’s and 504 plans. • Post-Secondary Environment: Students are responsible for providing disability documentation from a qualified professional who can assess their specific disabilities. Documentation

35. Americans with Disabilities Act Amendments Act- ADAAA Signed into law on September 25, 2008 by George W. Bush. Became effective, January 1, 2009. Offers a broader definition to major life activity which can be standing, learning, speaking, reading, thinking, concentrating, breathing, thinking, communicating, along with performing manual tasks such as lifting, working, reaching, hearing and others. New Guidelines For Documentation at Post Secondary Level

36. “What does this mean for students transitioning to post-secondary settings?” “BUT WAIT…….

37. It means 3 things……. 1) A larger group of students who may not have been served in secondary settings can be served. 2) The student has more input into the accommodation conversation than before. 3) The post-secondary institution (along with student input) can determine what accommodations would be reasonable and appropriate.

38. 1) Student Self-Report: The students narrative of his/her experience or history of disability, barriers and effective accommodations is an important tool to help Disability Services understand the “impact” and history of the disability. (Landmark Assessment) 2) Documentation: Information from external sources that may include IEP’s (Individualized Education Program), SOP (Summary of Performance), Psychological evaluations, Medical documentation and other forms of documentation could be deemed useful to help identify the nature (diagnosis) of the condition or disability. 3) Observation and Interaction: During the intake process, the DSO professional can elicit information from observation and the student’s language (Self-Report) in helping determine that a disability is present which requires reasonable & appropriate accommodation/intervention. Disability Services Offices At Post Secondary Level Can Now use these 3 sources as acceptable forms of documentation….

39. How does your disability impact you within the academic setting? (Test taking, class attendance, taking notes, etc.) • What accommodations i.e., extended time, quiet room for testing, etc. have you used in the past? • If any, what assistive technology devices and/or auxiliary aids have been effective in providing equal access to educational opportunities? (Example: Tape Recorder, Calculator, Audio Textbooks, etc.) • If deemed eligible, what accommodations are you requesting from Disability Services? • Is there any additional information you would like to include within your self report? Student Self-Report

40. Documentation that contains these 3 items: • 1) Is there a disability diagnosis? EX: ADD, ADHD, Dyslexia, etc. • 2) How does the disability manifest itself within the academic environment? • 3) Based upon the impact of the disability, what accommodation(s) can we introduce that will lessen the impact of the disability within the academic setting? What Disability Services Office look for when reviewing documentation?

41. * All accommodations are assigned on a case-by-case basis • Alternate textbooks – Digital Textbooks • Assistive Technology • Communication Access Real Time Writer (CART) • Extended Test Time/Alternative Testing • Note takers • Quiet Test Room • Reader for Exams • Scribe • Sign language interpreters • Use of calculator/computer • Other, specific to the students disability related needs Accommodations exist to level the playing field Typical Accommodations at Post Secondary

42. Secondary Environment: Students may have the ability to have requirements waived such as foreign language or complete less test questions. Post-secondary Environment: All students, regardless of disability status are expected to meet the same requirements of a particular class or program of study. This is referred to as “otherwise qualified”. Technical standards should not be altered due to disability status. But, in some cases, “alternative substitution” for program requirements may be allowed. Example: Completion of Spanish American History in lieu of taking Spanish as a foreign language. But, there are exceptions. Let me explain. Fundamental Differences In Accommodations Offered

43. Secondary Environment: In some cases, students learn of their disability and the importance of self-advocacy. The parents act as strong advocates for their student. • Post -Secondary: Students must self-identify and be able to describe their disability, identify strengths & weaknesses, identify accommodations needed and become a competent self-advocate. Students are considered adults.Privacy required by FERPA. Advocacy

44. School Counselors, Intervention specialists, etc., Make sure that documentation offers insight into how the student’s disability impacts him/her within the academic environment. • Can the student explain the “how” to a person like me? • Work with the student to help identify their strengths and weaknesses. • Can the student verbalize which accommodations have worked in the past and which have not been a success? • Is the student aware of the many accommodations available to him/her? • Does the student know what he/she needs to be successful? • Encourage them to visit the DSO as part of college visit Making the transition easier for students with disabilities

45. What is the desired goal? Is it the student’s goal or the parent’s? • Is the goal realistic based on the student’s ability and skill level? • Certificates vs. Degree options • Level of support at the institution. Does institution have what the student will need? “ Is college the right choice?”

46. Help the student locate the DSO at their college/university. Ask Admissions Office or Student Services Office for contact information. • Ensure that the student is ready to: • Provide documentation • Verbalize the “how” their disability impacts them • Advocate for themselves Counselor Responsibilities

47. Provide physical, academic, and program access to ALL students. We are here to help. All students have to do is ask. • Once self-identified, provide accommodations and services that will allow the student an opportunity to “succeed” as they have defined it for themselves. Institutional Responsibilities –Post-Secondary

48. 1) Attend Every Class – Showing up is half the battle. • 2)Be Organized – Buy a planner, Use technology (cell phone, IPad, Maintain a neat and organized space. • 3) Manage Your Time Well – Learn to tell your friends, “No”. • 4) Be Successful in Class – Sit in the front. Participate. Communicate with your instructors • 5) Take Good Notes – Be an active listener. Ask questions. Develop clean, neat handwriting. Use a lap top. (Not just for facebook, Twitter, etc.) • 6) Know How to Read a Textbook- Scan, Read, Review • 7) Study Smart – Find YOUR study bubble. Organize your time. • 8) Use Test Taking Strategies – Pen/Pencil Ready. Scan exam and return to questions later, if needed. Go over returned exams • 9) Reduce Test Anxiety- Deep Breath, Relax, Close your eyes. Be confident • 10) Use the Resources Around You – You don’t know where to go…Ask!! The 10 Steps to Getting Good Grades in College

49. Remember the “Rule of 3” when working with students with disabilities: People FIRST Students SECOND Students with disabilities THIRD Last thing…..

50. 25 year history • 12 school consortium • College Fair specifically for students with disabilities • 40+ colleges in attendance • Presentations • Wednesday, October 23, 2013 at Evanston Township High School • http://postsecondarychoices.org/CHOICES_2013.html • Post-Secondary Planning Guide • Personal statement sample • Schools and programs • Refer to students and parents Choices