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Antimatter

Antimatter. And Annihilation. Remember Photons?. What are photons?. What can Photons do?. When photons come close to an atom, they can do a few things: 1) NOTHING- it just sails by and doesn’t hit anything. What can Photons do?. When photons come close to an atom, they can do a few things:

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Antimatter

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  1. Antimatter And Annihilation

  2. Remember Photons? • What are photons?

  3. What can Photons do? • When photons come close to an atom, they can do a few things: • 1) NOTHING- it just sails by and doesn’t hit anything

  4. What can Photons do? • When photons come close to an atom, they can do a few things: • 2) It can hit an electron and make it go up a level…

  5. What can Photons do? • When photons come close to an atom, they can do a few things: • 3) It can knock an electron loose (Remember the photoelectric effect?)

  6. What can Photons do? • When photons come close to an atom, they can do a few things: • 4) If it had A LOT of energy, it can spontaneously turn into matter! e- BIG PHOTON Poof! e+

  7. What can Photons do? • But not just anything….. • The huge photon can spontaneously create an electron and a positron. e- electron BIG PHOTON Poof! positron e+

  8. What can Photons do? • Electrons are regular electrons. • Positrons are special particles that are called ANTIMATTER! (Like the Red Matter in the Star Trek Movie) MATTER

  9. Positrons • Positrons are created very rarely and don’t live very long. • They are exactly like an electron BUT, they have a positive charge! (They even have the same mass as an electron)

  10. Positrons • So… • ElectronsPositrons Mass 9.11E-31kg 9.11E-31kg Charge Neg (-) Pos (+) Matter Antimatter e- e+

  11. Einstein’s Equation • So how much energy does the photon need to be in order to create these two particles? • Einstein figured it out…

  12. Einstein’s Equation Speed of light squared Energy Needed Total mass created

  13. Example • What is the minimum energy needed for a photon to create an electron-positron pair? Recall the mass of both particles is 9.11E-31kg.

  14. Example • What is the minimum energy needed for a photon to create an electron-positron pair? Recall the mass of both particles is 9.11E-31kg. melectron=9.11E-31kg mpositron=9.11E-31kg

  15. Example • What is the minimum energy needed for a photon to create an electron-positron pair? Recall the mass of both particles is 9.11E-31kg. melectron=9.11E-31kg mpositron=9.11E-31kg

  16. Antimatter • So when you get a lot of high energy photons, you have a chance of creating some matter and antimatter both at the same time. HOWEVER…. • If antimatter runs into regular matter after its’ created, something else happens….

  17. Antimatter Antimatter Matter

  18. Antimatter Antimatter Matter

  19. Antimatter Antimatter Matter

  20. Antimatter Antimatter Matter

  21. Antimatter BIG EXPLOSION: All the energy that was needed to create the particles in the first place is released all over again. KABOOM!! This KABOOM is called Annihilation.

  22. Example • How much energy is released when .005kg of dirt annihilates with .005kg of anti-dirt. Anti-dirt is just dirt made up of antimatter particles.

  23. Example • How much energy is released when .005kg of dirt annihilates with .005kg of anti-dirt. Anti-dirt is just dirt made up of antimatter particles. mtotal=.005kg+.005kg=.010kg

  24. Example • How much energy is released when .005kg of dirt annihilates with .005kg of anti-dirt. Anti-dirt is just dirt made up of antimatter particles. mtotal=.005kg+.005kg=.010kg

  25. Practice • Complete the worksheet on antimatter creation and annihilation.

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