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Ellen Coates

The Toothbrush. Ellen Coates. Preview. Evolution of the toothbrush Timeline Changes in design Effects on our society and the environment. 3500 B.C. Concern of teeth. 1498 First bristles. 1780 First toothbrush. 1920’s Bristles. 1963 Electric. 1600 B.C. Chewing sticks. 1600’s

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Ellen Coates

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  1. The Toothbrush Ellen Coates

  2. Preview • Evolution of the toothbrush • Timeline • Changes in design • Effects on our society and the environment

  3. 3500 B.C. Concern of teeth 1498 First bristles 1780 First toothbrush 1920’s Bristles 1963 Electric 1600 B.C. Chewing sticks 1600’s Toothpaste 1918 Celluloid handles 1938 Nylon Filament Timeline

  4. 3500 B.C. • Babylonians chewed on sticks • Helped to clean teeth and mouth • Mentioned in Greek and Roman literature (www.toothbrushexpress.com)

  5. 1600 B.C. • “Chewing sticks” were used • Chewing sticks had two sides--one was chewed on and the other was pointy to pick at teeth • Sticks were about the size of a pencil • Twigs could freshen the mouth • Found in Chinese literature (www.toothbrushexpress.com)

  6. 1498 • First bristles were invented in China • Coarse hairs were taken from the back of a hog’s neck • Bristles were attached to bone or bamboo (www.loc.gov)

  7. 1600 • Europe • Rags and sponges were dipped in sulfur oil or salt solution • Sticks were attached to help reach (www.asme.org)

  8. 1780 • First toothbrush • William Addis of Clerkenwall, England • Hairs of a cow tail were attached to the same cow’s thighbone (www.asme.org)

  9. 1918 • World War 1 • Soup industries called for cow parts being used in toothbrushes • Celluloid handles were created by pouring plastic into mold (www.asme.org)

  10. 1920’s • New method of attaching bristles • Drill hole in brush head • Force in many bristles • Secure with staple • Easier to manufacture (www.oralb.com)

  11. 1938 • Nylon filament developed in 1938 • Chinese boar hair was favored bristle material • World War 2 stopped export of hair into the United States • Nylon replaced boar hair (www.asme.org)

  12. 1963 • First electric toothbrush • German engineer Max Braun • Copied movements of manual toothbrush • Not common until the 1970’s (www.oralb.com)

  13. Effects on Society/Environment • Cleaner teeth • Healthier mouth • Less pain and aches • Affordable • Everyone has chance to brush teeth • Replaceable • Nylon hair and celluloid handle • Less cow slaughtering • Reduction in production costs, making it affordable (www.asme.org)

  14. Summary • Evolution of the toothbrush • Timeline • Changes in design • Effects on our society and the environment

  15. References The Library of Congress (2004). Electronic Reference: The Library of Congress. Retrieved Aug. 31, 2005 from http://loc.gov/rr/scitech/mysteries/tooth.html The American Society of Mechanical Engineers (2001). Electronic Reference: The American Society of Mechanical Engineers. Retrieved Aug. 31, 2005 from http://asme.org/mechanicaladvantage/march2001/tooth brush.html ToothbrushExpress.com (2005). Electronic Reference: ToothbrushExpress.com. Retrieved Aug. 31, 2005 from http://toothbrushexpress.com/html/toothbrush_history.h tml Oral-B (2004). Electronic Reference: Oral-B. Retrieved Aug. 31, 2005 from http://www.oralb.com/aboutus/history.asp

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