Changing Migration - Changing Environment Current migration research from integration prospective

1. Changing Migration-ChangingEnvironmentCurrent migration research from integration prospective Ágnes Hárs Kopint-Tarki CEU, Budapest, 27th June 2011

2. Share of migrantpopulationvsmigrantlabourin Europe (prior crisis, 2007) Foreignpopulation:Ireland, France 2005;foreignlabourIreland 2002, Portugal 2005, Slovakia.,Sweden, Switzerland 2006. Source: OECD

3. Share of migrantpopulationvsmigrantlabourin Europe (prior crisis, 2007) Foreignpopulation:Ireland, France 2005;foreignlabourIreland 2002, Portugal 2005, Slovakia.,Sweden, Switzerland 2006. Source: OECD

4. Theorethicalbackground: the IDEA project • On the basis of both similarities and differences, meaningfulgroupings of immigration receiving countries in Europe can be identified. • To besignificant, each group will comprise those countries which show the greatersimilarities among them and the greater differences with the other. • The groupsselected are meaningful and relevant if similarities prevail over differences,and if differences with countries in other groups are generally larger than among them. • Three major regional groups of countries can be identified inEurope.Each of them is relatively homogeneous and different from the othergroups, chiefly on account of historical and structural factors. Three regions often identified in Europe: North Western Europe, Southern Europe and Central-Eastern Europe are usual regional labels.

5. Theorethicalbackground: the IDEA project • Hypothesis 1: Immigration receiving countries are bound to differ significantlyon account of the stage of the migration cycle in which they find themselves, asthis decisively affects the composition of the population of immigrantbackground and the relationships and its changing relationship with the generalpopulation. In the course of their immigration experience, receiving countries gothrough a migrationcycle. • Hypothesis 2: The position of an immigration country in therecentness/maturity scale has another implication that can be alluded to asa ‘generation effect’. It stems from the influence exerted on the course andcharacteristics of the immigration experience by the historical context in whichtheir initial and formative phases took place. Especially influential elements ofthis context may be the types of immigration flows prevailing in that period andthe socio-economic conditions that determine them, the dominant conceptionsof migration, and the main characteristics of the international economic order and of socio-economicregimes.

6. Theorethicalbackground: the IDEA project • Hypothesis 3: Immigration receiving countriesin Europe are bound to differ on account of their defining structuralcharacteristics, i.e. types of economy and social system that result in differentintensities and types of labour demand, and different orientations towards theinclusion or exclusion of foreigners, and in different degrees of openness orcloseness towards the admission and incorporation of immigrants. • Hypothesis 4: The relative weight of the different types of immigration flows –labour migration, family reunion, asylum, and irregular streams – amongcountries and possibly groups of countries have different socio-economic impacts and contribute todifferent perceptions of immigration from the general population. It may have an impact on the economicand social impacts of immigration and on the perception the public has of it(more wanted or unwanted). In turn both impacts and perceptions may affectpolicies, flows and integration outcomes.

7. Yearlyinflow of immigantscomparedtothetotalpopulation, 1988-2007 (‰) Source: immigrants : OECD, total population: Demography Report 2008

8. Yearlyinflow of immigantscomparedtothetotalpopulation, 1988-2007 (‰) Source: immigrants : OECD, total population: Demography Report 2008

9. Yearlyinflow of immigantscomparedtothetotalpopulation, 1988-2007 (‰) Source: immigrants : OECD, total population: Demography Report 2008

10. Labour market position of immigrantlabourbygroupofimmigrantcountries (2006) Source: European LFS, OECD SOPEMI, www.integrationindex.eu

11. Labour market position of immigrantlabourbygroupofimmigrantcountries (2006) ‘Old ‘ Western European immigrant countries Source: European LFS, OECD SOPEMI, www.integrationindex.eu

12. Labour market position of immigrantlabourbygroupofimmigrantcountries (2006) ‘Old ‘ Western European immigrant countries ‘New’ South European immigrant countries Source: European LFS, OECD SOPEMI, www.integrationindex.eu

13. Labour market position of immigrantlabourbygroupofimmigrantcountries (2006) ‘Old ‘ Western European immigrant countries ‘New’ South European immigrant countries ‘Future’ Eastern European immigrant countries Source: European LFS, OECD SOPEMI, www.integrationindex.eu

14. Immigration trend, Hungary (stock) • Foreigncitizens, 1995-2007 • source: immigrationoffice

15. Immigration trend, Hungary (stock) • Foreignlabour, 1990-2007 • source: work permit • Foreigncitizens, 1995-2007 • source: immigrationoffice

16. Economic status of foreigners Source: Social security

17. Economic status of foreigners Source: Social security

18. Economic status of foreigners Source: Social security

19. Economic status of foreigners Source: Social security

20. Economic status of 3rd country nationals Source: Social security

21. Economic status of 3rd country nationals Source: Social security

22. Economic status of 3rd country nationals Source: Social security

23. Economic status of 3rd country nationals Source: Social security

24. Limited pulleffectsontheHungarianlabour market

25. Ajánlott linkek az IDEA kutatás eredményeihez http://www.mtaki.hu/uj_intezeti_kiadvanyok/uj_intezeti_kiadvanyok_20100924_003318.html http://www.idea6fp.uw.edu.pl/?strona=4