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Cells – the smallest units of life

Learn about cells in the human body, including blood cells, brain cells, skin cells, nerve cells, and muscle cells. Discover the features of eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells, plant cells, and animal cells. Explore common cell structures found in both plant and animal cells, and understand the essential components of a microscope for cell observation.

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Cells – the smallest units of life

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  1. Cells – the smallest units of life • human body is made of trillions of different cells Blood cells Brain cells Skin cells Nerve cells Muscle cells

  2. Eukaryotic cell: cells with cell structures inside, along with a nucleus -animal, plant, protist, and fungi Prokaryotic cell: cells without cell structures and a nucleus -bacteria

  3. The largest known cell is……

  4. Plant Cells Animal Cells

  5. Features found in both plant AND animal cells: • Cell Membrane - protective layer around cell • Nucleus - directs all cell activity – control center • Vacuole - stores food for cell (bigger in plant cells) • Cytoplasm - flowing substance inside cell • Lysosomes – digesters / recyclers

  6. Features found in both plant AND animal cells (cont) • Mitochondria – releases stored food – the powerhouses • Ribosomes – protein makers • Golgi Bodies – sorts and packages proteins • Endoplasmic Reticulum – folded membranes that transports ribosomes around the nucleus

  7. eyepiece Main focus knob Nose Fine focus knob Lens knob Lens Lens Arm Stage clip Stage Light source Base

  8. Rules for microscope use: • Begin on lowest magnification – the shortest lens • Turn light off when NOT in use • Separate stage and lens when placing slide on/off the stage • Always clean off stage and lens with moist towel • Carry microscope with TWO hands

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