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IE 419 Work Design: Productivity and Safety Dr. Andris Freivalds Class #18

IE 419 Work Design: Productivity and Safety Dr. Andris Freivalds Class #18. Calculating a Standard Time (From Work Sampling). Observed time (OT) = T x (n i /n) / #P Normal time (NT) = OT x R/100 Standard time (ST) = NT(1+Allow). Ex #5 - Finding Worker Utilization.

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IE 419 Work Design: Productivity and Safety Dr. Andris Freivalds Class #18

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  1. IE 419 Work Design:Productivity and Safety Dr. Andris Freivalds Class #18 IE 419

  2. Calculating a Standard Time (From Work Sampling) • Observed time (OT) = Tx(ni/n) / #P • Normal time (NT) = OTxR/100 • Standard time (ST) = NT(1+Allow) IE 419

  3. Ex #5 - Finding Worker Utilization IE 419

  4. Ex #6 -Application to Service IndustryWashington State Dept. of Social and Health Services - 1 • Consultant to Sterling Associates in 1999 • Allocation of workload to social workers • Buzzers given to 304 workers • Over 2 months found: • 91,371 observations recorded • 2,224 cases processed, by AU (μ =1 hr/AU) • % idle (4%) very low • Accuracy high, ℓ = 0.4% IE 419

  5. Washington DSHS - #2 Large disparity between AU and Time Redistribution of staffing assignments. IE 419

  6. Self Observation - 1 • Find “typical” day of college student • % of 24-hour day for different activities: • sleeping (record this directly) • classes (sample this and others) • studying • sports/leisure activities (TV, internet) • eating • transportation, going to-from classes • miscellaneous IE 419

  7. Self Observation - 2 • Key issue: • Random reminder • Use alarm • Or use PDA • Palm Zire • OS 4.1 • QuikSamp IE 419

  8. Flowchart of QuikSamp START Randomizing # of Observ. Limit of Error Sample Days and Time Sorting & Display Work Sampling # of Operator & Work Elements Work sampling RESULT END IE 419

  9. Potential Sources of Error • Sampling error – statistics, ↑n • Bias errors: • Observer bias – expecting outcomes • Operator bias – misleads analyst • In-phase bias – regular sampling bad, random • Representativeness error – sampling during nonrepresentative time, e.g. holiday IE 419

  10. Work Sampling vs. Time Study IE 419

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