Remembering Massachusetts

Remembering Massachusetts Mrs. Daley Five Gold Group D

Remembering Massachusetts Grade Five Gold Nock Middle School Newburyport, Massachusetts Click on the speaker for audio. A Typical Colonial Village By Zoë A. Typical colonial towns would have many buildings. First, they would have an area of land where many activities in the village took place, called a common. Around it would be village residents’ houses, a meeting house and, school if there were over a hundred families. There would also be a blacksmith, shoemaker, barrel maker, and other such shops. The meeting house also served as a church and voting area. There were laws, the Blue Laws, that on Sundays there would be no work. Those who did not obey these laws could be put in stocks located on the village Common. On the outskirts of the village would be an area for growing crops, hunting, or for horses to run through. By the 1700s many villages were located all over the Massachusetts plains. Sources Historical Atlas of Colonial Life United States and its Neighbors

Remembering Massachusetts Grade Five Gold Nock Middle School Newburyport, Massachusetts Click on the speaker for audio. Blue Laws By: Jessica M. Blue Laws were also known as Sabbath Laws. They were made by the Puritans in Massachusetts. They were very strict laws that would not let you do any thing on Sunday. It was one of the bodies of laws in Colonial New England designed to enforce moral standards. It prohibited forms of entertainment, also any kind of recreation on Sundays. They were made to force people to practice their Puritan religion. Puritans would be punished or fined on Sundays if they did these things: running, cooking, making a bed, or shaving. They would also get whipped for saying that the minister’s sermon was boring. Sources A History of US, Making Thirteen Colonies By: Joy Hakim

Remembering Massachusetts Grade Five Gold Nock Middle School Newburyport, Massachusetts Click on the speaker for audio. Massachusetts’s Constitution By: Ryan F. On June 1774, the British Parliament tightened control over the Massachusetts Bay Colony by tightening control over local government, the courts, and the legislature. The state needed a workable form of government. John Adams was a lawyer and had a brilliant mind so the colony asked him to write a Constitution. The Massachusetts Bay Colony was the first to cast off royal authority but was the last to pass in a constitution. Adams studied other constitutions. In 1780, the Massachusetts Constitution was ratified and in June 15, 1780 the people of Massachusetts accepted the Constitution. The Constitution stated,” People of Massachusetts would govern themselves “. The Constitution went into effect Oct. 25, 1780. The Massachusetts Constitution helped them govern themselves. Sources www. massmoments.com

Remembering Massachusetts Grade Five Gold Nock Middle School Newburyport, Massachusetts Click on the speaker for audio. ColonialCraftsmen By Alex P. Young boys were trained for the jobs of craftsmen in early colonial cities. The jobs were blacksmiths, weavers, carpenters, bricklayers, labors, gunsmiths, whip-makers, silversmiths, goldsmiths and printers. Only young boys became craftsmen while young girls learned how to do household chores. The boys started as pages then advanced to journeymen and then finally became master craftsmen. The craftsmen relied on other craftsmen for the supplies needed for their products. For example, carpenters needed blacksmiths for nails, gunsmiths needed carpenters for wood, and whip-makers needed weavers for very thin rope. Those are some examples of how craftsmen needed each other. The craftsmen relied on each other so the early Massachusetts cities could grow using each others resources and skills. Sources

Remembering Massachusetts Grade Five Gold Nock Middle School Newburyport, Massachusetts Click on the speaker for audio. Fishing By, Jacob C. Fishing was started along the coast of Cape Cod all the way up Newburyport in colonial days. The people who where involved in fishing were called fishermen. Some major fishing places in Massachusetts Bay colony were Boston, Salem, and Newburyport. Fishing was one of the main jobs that a lot of people did. Fishing occurred because people needed to earn a living. Fishing was really important to Massachusetts history because people made a lot of money. The outcome of fishing industry was that a lot of people started to fish which decreased the amount of fish available. Also, fisherman fished for Cod. By the early 1700’s shipbuilders had launched 100 ships in Newburyport. Shipbuilders as well as fishing became important industries in Newburyport. Sources History at Home. The Story of Newburyport, volume 1

Remembering Massachusetts Grade Five Gold Nock Middle School Newburyport, Massachusetts Click on the speaker for audio. Harvard University By Molly S. Harvard was the first university in the colonies. It was founded in Cambridge, Massachusetts by John Harvard. Harvard University was established in 1636. It was founded 16 years after the Pilgrims landed in Plymouth. Harvard celebrated its 350th anniversary in 1986.The college helped young men study to become a minister in Puritan churches. Seven of our United States presidents attended Harvard, they were John Adams, John Quincy Adam, Theodore and Franklin Delano Roosevelt, Rutherford B. Hayes, John Fitzgerald Kennedy, and George W. Bush. For several decades Harvard was struggling because they had only 10-20 students at a time. It is the oldest institution of higher learning in the United States. Harvard is one of the best colleges in the world today. Sources Colonial America By: Peggy Saari World Book 2003 edition-volume H www.HarvardUniversity.com

Remembering Massachusetts Grade Five Gold Nock Middle School Newburyport, Massachusetts Click on the speaker for audio. John Winthrop By. Shane E. John Winthrop was born in 1587 at Suffolk England. He was married for the first time at the age 17 and he became a father at the age 18. On July 6th, 1630 John Winthrop and Puritans made there voyage to Massachusetts Bay Colony. They came on 17 ships. The Puritans dropped anchor on July 12, 1430 in Boston Harbor.. John Winthrop was chosen governor of the Massachusetts Bay colony on August 23, 1630. John Winthrop was put in charge of Boston. He wanted everybody to think Massachusetts was the greatest colony. The nickname for Boston was’ City upon a hill’. John Winthrop was very important for the founding of Boston, Massachusetts. Sources Source, The Thirteen Colonies Massachusetts By. Lydia Bjorn Lund

Remembering Massachusetts Grade Five Gold Nock Middle School Newburyport, Massachusetts Click on the speaker for audio. King Philip By James N. Metacom was born in 1638. He was Massasoit’s son, the Wampanoag Indian chief. When Massasoit died, his oldest son, Wamsutta, became chief. He was known as Alexander to the English. He died in a year so in 1662 Metacom became chief and was known as King Philip to the colonists. The king got mad when the colonists took more and more native land. The Narragansett tribe helped the Wampanoag’s start a war with the colonists in 1675. Metacom’s wife and children got captured and killed in 1676. On August 12, 1676, King Philip was killed in a Rhode Island swamp near present day Bristol, Rhode Island. The colonists took King Philip’s head to Plymouth to show other tribes not to rebel. 20,000 people died in the King Philip’s war. Indians were sold into slavery when the fighting finally ended in 1678. The King Philip’s War was not very successful for the Wampanoag tribe. Sources Sources: Colonial America Primary Sources Peggy Saari and Julie L. Carnagie Cobblestone Magazine “King Philip’s War 1675-1676” Michael J. Tougias, Eric B. Schultz

Remembering Massachusetts Grade Five Gold Nock Middle School Newburyport, Massachusetts Click on the speaker for audio. King Phillip’s War, The Attack on Swansea By Jon T. The King Phillips War took place from 1675 to 1678. The war started when Wampanoag Indians attacked the town of Swansea near Plymouth. This event occurred because a Narragansett Indians killed a colonist named John Sassomon. Then the colonists hung three Wampanoag Indians for the murder, and thus leading to the Attack on Swansea. The Attack on Swansea was important to American history because this fight led to the first full scale battle in the King Phillips War, The Great Swamp Fight. Metacom [King Phillip] sent warriors to attack the town of Swansea in Plymouth. The Attack on Swansea was one of the major events that led to the King Phillips War. Sources: Colonial America Volume 6

Remembering Massachusetts Grade Five Gold Nock Middle School Newburyport, Massachusetts Click on the speaker for audio. New England Schools Dylan W. Education in Colonial days was much different than it is today. Puritans were very strict about education. In 1642 a law was passed that children needed to learn to read and write. In the late seventeenth century schools were being built. In-between 1642 and 1647 a law was passed that every town with 50 families needed a school teacher. By the Education Act of 1647 it stated every 100 family town needed to build a school. Until children were six, they would learn to read and write at home. At seven years of age children would go to school and they would learn to read, write and rehearse the Bible. At nine or ten years of age, boys would become apprenticed to a carpenter or blacksmith. Girls would to do domestic chores. That would go on through the teenage years. Sources Colonial America volume 2 Colonial America volume 5

Remembering Massachusetts Grade Five gold Nock Middle School Newburyport, Massachusetts Click on the speaker for audio. Newburyport Ship Building By Kevin M. In Colonial times, Newburyport built around 604 ships. It took about one full year to make one ship even though one ship was finished every month. These ships were so big that 100 men had to help build it. Even though Newburyport built 604 ships it was only the third biggest ship building city in Massachusetts , following Salem then Boston. All of the Massachusetts ship yards accounted for 35% of all the ships built in the thirteen American colonies. Every city with a ship yard had to have a rope maker shop. Some of the workers on the ship were craftsmen, tradesmen, joiners, rope makers ,sail makers, and coopers. Newburyport ship building was very important to the people of Massachusetts. Sources Historical Atlas of Massachusetts The Story of Newburyport Part 1

Remembering Massachusetts Grade Five Gold Nock Middle School Newburyport, Massachusetts Click on the speaker for audio. Pequot War By Jake T. The Pequot War took place in1636-1637 in the eastern part of Connecticut. In 1636 the Puritans accused the Pequot’s of committing the murder of two English men. The Pequot’s denied any involvement and they even offered to negotiate with the Massachusetts Bay colonists then the Massachusetts Bay Colonists forced 120 colonists, with 500 native allies to try to extract a huge fine from the Pequot tribe. Then the Pequot’s killed a trader and his party on Block Island. In 1637 a group of Bostonians attacked the Pequot’s. As a result of this battle the Pequot women and children who survived the attack were sold into slavery In Bermuda and the Pequot nation was dissolved. The Pequot slaves became poor but they were very skilled sailors and whalers. The Pequot’s were a very poor tribe. Sources Source; Colonial America volume 6 By Peggy Saari

Remembering Massachusetts Grade Five Gold Nock Middle School Newburyport, Massachusetts Click on the speaker for audio. Shipping and Trading By Maddie Q. Shipping and Trading has been around for 1000s of years. Shipowners became traders because they could ship products to other placesand trade them. From Gloucester to England, the colonists traded Rum, Lumber, Cod fish, then traded manufactured goods to the colonists. To trade those goods they traveled across the Atlantic Ocean. The colonies Boston, Salem, and Gloucester are some of the most famous colonies for shipping and trading. Trade has been around for a long time so Europeans did not have to lean to trade. They also traded products that they had to get because the colonists really needed them. Shipping and trading is so great that it is still around today. Sources Historical Atlas of Massachusetts Tall Ships of Newburyport By: Freda Morrill Abrams The Thirteen Colonies, Massachusetts By: Lydia Bjornlund History at Home The Story of Newburyport www.maritimehistoryofmassachusetts.com

Remembering Massachusetts Grade Five Gold Nock Middle School Newburyport, Massachusetts Click on the speaker for audio. The Conflicts Between the Indians and the Settlers BY: Brynn B. When the Europeans and the Native Americans met it affected both groups. When the European colonists arrived they were taught survival skills from the Indians like Squanto. At first most of there relationships were friendly, like when they fist met they exchanged gifts. The Europeans loved the food and furs and the Indians loved the unfamiliar items like glass, steel, and woolen clothe. The Native Americans finally realized that the settlers were not just visitors. The settlers were trying to take over their land. Soon more settlers were coming to stay. Conflicts became apart of the Indians and the settler’s lives as the settlers wanted more land in the Indians territory. In New England there were many conflicts between the Indians and the colonists. The Pequots and the Wampagons fought with each other against the New England colonists. Throughout the 1600’s and the 1700’s battles were fought between the French, English, colonists and the Indians. The Indians goal was to get their and back and protect it. (That never happened) Soon more land was taken back from the Indians and they were pushed westward to areas far from the settlements. The conflicts between the Indians and the settlers relates to Massachusetts by the fact the settlers were the ones that took the Native Americans land. These were the conflicts between the Indians and the settlers. Sources The Colonies By: Rebecca Stefoff http://www.history.ctaponline.org/center/hssm/index.cfm?page_key=1326

Remembering Massachusetts Grade Five Gold Nock Middle School Newburyport, Massachusetts Click on the speaker for audio. The Founding of Boston By Julia Z. The founding of Boston took place on September 7, 1630 we know that on this date the Puritan’s named the colony Boston. We do not know the actual date the Puritan’s walked into what is now known as Boston and decided to settle there. The Puritans settled in Boston so that they could get away from England’s Religious Persecutions. Settling Boston made it so that the Puritans didn’t have to live by the rules of the church of England. The outcome of settling Boston is that the Puritans could practice their religion without living in fear of England.Boston became the capital of Massachusetts Bay colony. One of the things that makes Boston an important part of Massachusetts history was that John Winthrop moved to Boston and he became the first governor of Massachusetts. Another thing that makes this important to Massachusetts history is that Boston was one of the earliest places the Puritans settled. The Puritans had a great influence on the founding of Boston. Sources Boston Globe John Harris Boston Deborah Kent

Remembering Massachusetts Grade Five Gold Nock Middle School Newburyport, Massachusetts Click on the speaker for audio. The Horn Book By Evelyn L. The Horn Book was used from the 16th to the 18th century to help children learn. It was used first in England then in the Colonies. It was used to teach children how to read. It also contained the children’s prayers like the Our Father. It had their A, B, C’S and numbers too. The horn book was made of wood, thin sheets of horn, and paper with their numbers or letters printed on it. The horn book usually had a wooden back and a piece of clear horn covering the printed words. It was usually called an alphabet book or board. Many children used the horn book to learn and read. Sources ABC Horn-Books of Yesteryear Ferrell Eugene Wilson, M.S.

Remembering Massachusetts Grade Five Gold Nock Middle School Newburyport, Massachusetts Click on the speaker for audio. Town Meeting By: Jamie T. Town meetings took place in early New England. They started in the early 16th century. Colonist developed town meetings as a place to go to vote on certain things that took place in towns. Some things that took place were where to build new houses, churches, streets, schools, what to do to with lawbreakers, and other things. Town meetings helped everybody have more say in how they were governed. It helps people decide what to do with people who broke the law, as it also acted like a court. Town Meetings also helped people become freer in many ways. The only people who could vote were people who attended church. Any man could speak at a town meetings if you were a church member or not. It chooses what happened to people who broke the law. Town meetings helped colonies become a lot better in many ways because town meetings made them more democratic. Sources Colonial America Volume 4 Dr. D Thorp

Remembering Massachusetts Grade Five Gold Nock Middle School Newburyport, Massachusetts Click on the speaker for audio. Whaling By Jack P. Whaling was an important industry in Massachusetts. It took place from the 1700’s – the 1900’s. The first whaling business started on Long Island. Some whaling towns were off of Cape Cod, Nantucket, Salem, and New Bedford. People started whaling because they could sell products made from whales for lots of money. The most important product was whale oil. Oil could be made from whale blubber. Everyone needed oil to light lamps and candles. Also whale meat was used as food, whale bone was made into tools and chairs, and whale skin was made into bags and coats. Whalers killed whales by shooting harpoons at them. Whalers hunted Right Whales because they floated after they were killed. That why people called them the right whale. Whaling ended when whales became harder to find. Whaling became outlawed. Laws were passed to keep people from whaling. Since electricity was invented people didn’t need whale oil anymore. Whaling was an important industry that changed Massachusetts’s economy. Sources The Story of Yankee Whaling By American Heritage Junior Library A Brief History of Whaling in New England By 6 Blue Whaling PowerPoint History Slides

Remembering Massachusetts