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Fallacies. Steve Wood TCCC. Definition. A fallacy is an error in thinking, logic, or argumentation. To create an effective argument, it is important to avoid fallacies. Common Fallacies. Hasty generalization – basing a conclusion on insufficient evidence
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Fallacies Steve Wood TCCC
Definition • A fallacy is an error in thinking, logic, or argumentation. • To create an effective argument, it is important to avoid fallacies.
Common Fallacies • Hasty generalization – basing a conclusion on insufficient evidence • Post hoc ergo propter hoc – mistakenly connecting two events in a cause and effect relationship • Genetic fallacy – arguing that the origin of something automatically determines its worth
Common Fallacies • Either/or dilemma – oversimplifying to create an either/or situation to force a particular belief • Faulty comparison/analogy – comparing two unlike items to force a particular conclusion • Ad hominem – an attack on the character of the opponent instead of dealing with the actual argument
Common Fallacies • Ad populum – an emotional appeal that avoids the argument, based on the popularity of an idea rather than its merits • Red herring – diverting attention away from the actual issue • Straw man – deliberating misstating an opponent’s position to make them easier to attack