The Art of Persuasion

The Art of Persuasion Ethos, Pathos and Logos PLEASE TAKE OUT SOMETHING TO WRITE WITH 

You will be able to: • Define ethos, pathos, & logos • Analyze and identify examples for each • Analyze different character’s use of each in speeches from ALWG Homework: Bring your book to class

How do we know if a source has Ethos? Ethos (Ethics ARE values/beliefs) • Credibility of the source being cited • Sources with a high level of ethos are recognized as reliable and not “biased” or opinionated • “Bias” refers to the level of opinion woven into a piece

Ethos (continued…) Considering the following situation... Imagine you are doing a report on Climate Change for Science class. Which of the following sources is likely to have a high level of “ethos”? www.globalwarminglies.com World Meteorological Organization

How to analyze Ethos… #1 Does the site look and sound professional? • Is the layout neat and organized? • Ads (too many suggest unprofessionalism) • Are pictures suggesting something more?

How to test Ethos… #2 Are they presenting both sides? • Is the evidence clearly stacked against one side? • Does the author use a lot of “loaded” language? • Are they citing experts and other reliable sources? • Read their “Purpose” or “Mission”

How does using pathos impact ethos? Pathos • “Path to the heart” • Making an emotional impact on an audience • Examples: personal stories, images evoking emotion • “Spinning” emotion into the story • “Loaded” Language • Choosing words and phrases that are emotionally “loaded • Manipulates audiences into taking one side

Which would appeal more to an audience? Pathos (Continued) Headline: U.S. Signs Afghan Deal Despite Rise in Casualties Which would would give more ethos?

How does using logos help you build an argument? Logos • “Logic” or factual information, examples, reasoning • Information is void of opinion or “spin” • Examples: statistics, figures, mathematical data • Results from scientific and social studies

How does using pathos impact ethos? Consider the following… • Abortion vs. Family Planning • Global Warming vs. Climate Change • Raising Taxes vs. Increasing revenues

How does this change the meaning? “Spin” the following phrases… • I was at my friend’s house party • I bombed my math text • I want to stay out late this Friday • I want to skip school tomorrow

Entrance Slip…please complete and turn into me… When you are finished, please return to your seat with your notes section out…

4/2/2014 T A R G E T S You will be able to: • Correctly answer true/false questions to establish your understanding of ethos, pathos, and logos • Analyze information about important characters in Shakespeare’s Julius Caesar Homework: Bring YOUR book to class everyday Tomorrow we will meet in A133

J.C.’s Major Characters… Julius Caesar: • Roman general • We do not see Caesar’s point of view • Every character is preoccupied with him – he may soon become King • Caesar becomes king = Rome’s republican system of government – senators lose power • Never claims he wants to be king – but sees himself as superior to others • He sees himself already as an absolute ruler

J.C.’s Major Characters… Brutus: • High ranking Roman nobleman who participates in the conspiracy to assassinate Caesar • Motivated by sense of honor – places Rome above his own personal interest or feelings • He loves and admires Caesar personally, but wants to preserve the republic…believing C’s death will benefit Rome • Weakness = his sense of honor, and others are able to manipulate him easily

J.C.’s Major Characters… Antony: • Loyal friend of C’s • Notoriously impulsive and pleasure-seeking • Lives in the moment! • Dangerous enemy of Brutus and others

J.C.’s Major Characters… Cassius: • Talented general and longtime acquaintance of Caesar’s. • Resents that others appear to worship C in Rome • He leads Brutus to believe that Caesar has become too powerful and must die • Forged letters… • Lacks integrity, but acts effectively

J.C.’s Major Characters… Octavius: • Caesar’s adopted son and appointed successor • Traveling abroad and returns home after his dad’s death, joins Antony, and sets off to fight Cassius and Brutus • Antony attempts to control his movements, but Octavius become an authoritative figure, paving the way to become ruler

J.C.’s Major Characters… Casca: • One of the conspirators. • An official elected to represent the common people of Rome • Resents Caesar’s ambition • Rough, blunt in speech – tells Cassius and Brutus how Antony offered the crown to Caesar 3 times and how Caesar declined each time • 1st to stab Caesar

J.C.’s Major Characters… Calphurnia: • C’s wife. • Invests in omens • She warns her husband against going to the Senate – on the “Ides of March”, for she has a terrible nightmare(s) and reports many bad omens

J.C.’s Major Characters… Portia: • Brutus’ wife • Daughter of Cato – noble Roman, who sides against Caesar • She wishes Brutus would talk to her more when he is troubled, but he is reluctant to do so

J.C.’s Major Characters… Flavius & Murellus(maruluss): • 2 tribunes • Punished for removing decorations from Caesar’s statues during his parade

J.C.’s Major Characters… Cicero: • Roman senator – speaks at the parade of Caesar and later dies

J.C.’s Major Characters… Lepidus: • 3rd member of Antony’s and Octavius’s coalition • Antony does not respect • Oct, trust’s L’s loyalty

J.C.’s Major Characters… Decius: • Member of the conspiracy. • Convinces Caesar that his wife misinterpreted her nightmares and that no danger awaits him • He leads him into the hands of those that kill him!

“POWER CORRUPTS AND ABSOLUTE POWER CORRUPTS ABSOLUTELY”

4/4/2014 T A R G E T S – 3rd hour You will be able to: • Read and understand Act I.i.of Julius Caesar Homework: • Bring YOUR book to class everyday & enjoy your weekend!

J.C. Act I.i. Establishes the main political conflict of the tragedy Main question: Is Caesar a defender of manipulator of the people? E X P O S I T I O N = characters and setting

4/4/2014 T A R G E T S – 7th hour You will be able to: • Correctly answer true/false questions to establish your understanding of ethos, pathos, and logos • Analyze information about important characters in Shakespeare’s Julius Caesar Homework: • Bring YOUR book to class everyday & enjoy your weekend!

The Art of Persuasion