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Protist Notes

Protist Notes. Life Science Pgs. 226-235. What is a Protist?. Mostly single-celled eukaryotes that can’t be classified as a plant, an animal, or fungi – some are multi-cellular. Three Protist Categories. Animal-like Plant-like Fungus-like. Animal-like Protists.

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Protist Notes

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  1. Protist Notes Life Science Pgs. 226-235

  2. What is a Protist? • Mostly single-celled eukaryotes that can’t be classified as a plant, an animal, or fungi – some are multi-cellular

  3. Three Protist Categories • Animal-like • Plant-like • Fungus-like

  4. Animal-like Protists • Heterotrophs - get energy from other organisms • Able to move to obtain food • Made of cells with a nucleus & no cell wall - just like an animal cell • Protozoan • Unicellular - one cell

  5. 4 Main Groups of Animal-like Protists • Sarcodines • Ciliates • Flagellates • Parasites

  6. 1. Sarcodines • Animal-like protist that moves to obtain food • They feed using a pseudopod (“false foot”) • Many have shells- forminiferans & radiolarians - fossils - limestone, marble, and chalk • Example - Amoeba

  7. Pseudopod • Means “false foot” • It is a temporary bulging/extension of the cell • It is used to capture and engulf food • It is used to move

  8. Contractile Vacuole • A structure that collects and expels extra water from the cell

  9. Amoeba Proteus • Proteus was the Greek god of the sea that could change shape! Contractile Vacuole Cell Membrane Cytoplasm Nucleus Pseudopod Food Vacuole

  10. Amoeba • Amoeba Movement

  11. 2. Ciliates • Animal-like protist that use cilia to move and eat • Example - Paramecium

  12. Cilia • Hair-like projections from the cell that move with a wavelike motion • They work together like an oar, which beat to move • It sweeps food to the ciliates • They are sensors when they touch an object

  13. Paramecium Cilia

  14. 3. Flagellates • Animal-like protists that use flagella (whip-like tail structure) • They can have one or more flagella

  15. 4. Parasites • Animal-like protists that feed on the cells and body fluids of their host • Many of them have more than one host

  16. Plant-like Protists • Commonly called algae • Autotroph - uses the sun’s energy to produce its own food • Some are unicellular • Some are multicellular - more than 1 cell • There are 7 main types

  17. 7 Main Types • Algae • Diatoms • Dinoflagellates • Euglenoids • Red Algae • Green Algae • Brown Algae

  18. 1. Algae • Plant-like protists • VERY IMPORTANT in oxygen production

  19. 2. Diatoms • Unicellular protists with glass-like cell walls • Float near the surface of lakes and oceans • Move by oozing chemicals out of slits in their cell walls • Used in household scouring products and insecticides

  20. 3. Dinoflagellates • Unicellular algae surrounded by stiff plates (suit or armor) • They come in a variety of colors (many glow in the dark) • All have two flagella held in grooves between the plates • They can be seen when a boat travels through the ocean

  21. 4. Euglenoids • Green, unicellular algae found mostly in fresh water • It has one animal-like characteristic - it can be an autotroph or heterotroph

  22. 5. Red Algae • Multicellular sea weed • It only needs a small amount of sunlight • It is used in hair conditioner and ice cream • It can grow more than 260 meters below sea level

  23. 6. Green Algae • Contains a green pigment • Unicellular organism • Forms colonies - groups • A few are multicellular • The ones that live on the land and closely related to plants

  24. 7. Brown Algae • Sea weed with many pigments • It has many plant-like structures

  25. Fungus-like Protists • Heterotrophs • They have cell walls • They use spores to reproduce • Spores - A tiny cell that is able to grow into a new organism • Two Main Types: 1. Slime Mold 2. Water Molds and Downy Molds

  26. 1. Slime Mold • Brightly colored • Live in moist, shady places • They are tiny in size to several meters long

  27. 2. Water Molds and Downy Molds • Most live in water • They grow in tiny threads that look like fuzz Water Mold Downy Mold

  28. Works Cited Amoeba Picture. “Protists.” The Biology Web. 18 April 2006. 10 Feb. 2009. <http://faculty.clintoncc.suny.edu/faculty/michael.gregory/files/Bio%20102/Bio%20102%20lectures/protists/amoeba%20movement%202%20(150%20kbs).wmv > Amoeba Video. “Protists.” The Biology Web. 18 April 2006. 10 Feb. 2009. <http://faculty.clintoncc.suny.edu/faculty/michael.gregory/files/Bio%20102/Bio%20102%20lectures/protists/amoeba%20movement%202%20(150%20kbs).wmv > Carl. Protist Pictures. “Protists.” Mr. Carl’s e-Class. 10 Feb. 2009. <http://www.lanesville.k12.in.us/lcsyellowpages/Tickit/Carl/protists.html#Plant >

  29. Works Cited Kimball, John W. Diatom Picture. “The Protists.” Kimball’s Biology Pages. 16 Dec. 2008. 10 Feb. 2009. <http://www.lanesville.k12.in.us/lcsyellowpages/Tickit/Carl/protists.html#Plant > Paramecium Picture. “Protists.” The Biology Web. 18 April 2006. 10 Feb. 2009. <http://faculty.clintoncc.suny.edu/faculty/michael.gregory/files/Bio%20102/Bio%20102%20lectures/protists/amoeba%20movement%202%20(150%20kbs).wmv >

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