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A Comparison of Amateur Radio Digital Voice Systems

A Comparison of Amateur Radio Digital Voice Systems. Presented By: Mark Kleine N5HZR SCARS April 2016 Meeting Originally Prepared By: Roland Kraatz W9HPX Charlotte Digital Radio Group. Topics. Digital voice description Technical comparison Operational features Programmability

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A Comparison of Amateur Radio Digital Voice Systems

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  1. A Comparison of Amateur RadioDigital Voice Systems Presented By: Mark Kleine N5HZR SCARS April 2016 Meeting Originally Prepared By: Roland Kraatz W9HPX Charlotte Digital Radio Group

  2. Topics • Digital voice description • Technical comparison • Operational features • Programmability • Radio choices • Oklahoma DV repeaters • Information sources • Q & A See p30 April 2015 QST

  3. What is Digital Voice? • Audio to be sent is digitized in the user radio • Digital audio is processed through a vocoder to compress the data and add forward error correction • Data is chopped into uniform length packets • Header data is pre-pended to provide sync bits, routing instructions and user identity • Other data can be interleaved or substituted for the voice to send text, pictures or other files • Digital data modulates an RF carrier

  4. Packet Structure View

  5. Tech Spec Comparison GMSK = Gaussian Minimum Shift Keying 4FSK = 4-level Frequency Shift Keying C4FM = Continuous 4-level Frequency Modulation FDMA = Frequency Division Multiple Access TDMA = Time Division Multiple Access Note: Newer radios implement the vocoder in the DSP chip

  6. Bandwidth Comparison

  7. User Identification * Call sign is displayed if the receiving station’s subscriber ID has been programmed in the radio’s contact list; otherwise subscriber ID appears. † While voice ID is not required by law, it is still a good idea for the benefit of everyone listening.

  8. Repeater Connect-ability * “Reflectors” in Europe.

  9. Radio Operating Features * Fusion radios have AMS (automatic mode select) ◊ Older D-STAR radios are more difficult to program. Newer ones are pre-programmed, but must be updated as repeaters change.

  10. Signal Readability * Fusion has two bandwidth voice modes. Wide sounds slightly better than narrow. Sync robustness is the tendency to fall out of sync Sync recoverability is the ability to recover sync quickly The opinions shown here are highly subjective. Your opinion may differ.

  11. Networking Characteristics • D-STAR • User controlability – substantial • Networking options – G2, D-Plus, ircDDB • Innovation ability – many efforts and accomplishments • DMR • Centrally controlled structure – inflexible • Networking options – c-bridge, hytera • Innovation ability – limited, but not impossible • Fusion • Yaesu controlled servers – inflexible • Networking options – WIRES-X • Innovation ability – limited, but hams are just getting started

  12. DMR Network Topology

  13. Oklahoma DMR Topology • All 17 Oklahoma repeaters route through a Rack Space housed open source bridge • Oklahoma repeaters routes through Kansas K0USY C-Bridge • Since all of Oklahoma is on one bridge port, the 'PTT' channel actions are shared. One person kerchunks a channel and the whole state hears it.

  14. D-Star Programming

  15. System Fusion Programming

  16. DMR Programming • Frequency – Oklahoma all UHF (VHF is available) • Color Codes (Like analog CTCSS) • Time Slice (1 or 2) • Talk Groups • Local, Nationwide, Worldwide, OK-KS, Regional and more • Echo - Parrot

  17. D-STAR HTs • ID-31A • ID-51A Plus • Single band (70cm) • 5W • uSD card record • 500 memories • Internal GPS • Repeater geo search • $295 new • Dual band • 5W • uSD card record • 1300 memories • Internal GPS • Repeater geo search • $450 new

  18. D-STAR Mobiles • Older – ID-880H • Newer – ID-5100A • Dual band • 50W • 1050 memories • $420 new • Dual band Touch Screen • 50W • 1000 + 1500 DR memories • Internal GPS & DPRS • SD card recording • Repeater geo search • $600 new

  19. DMR HTs • MotoTrbo – XPR-7550 • Hytera PD782G-U1 • 440 MHz band • 4W • Color screen • 1000 channels • $ 700 new • 440 MHz band • 4W • Color screen • 1024 channels • $ 545 new

  20. DMR HTs (cont.) • Connect Systems – CS700 • 440 MHz band • 4W • 1000 memories • Chinese copy of XPR6550 • $ 200 new

  21. DMR HTs (cont.) • Tytera MD 380 • Great audio • 440 MHz band • 4W • 1000 memories • $ 134 new

  22. DMR HTs (cont.) • Tytera MD 390 • Waterproof • Better Audio than MD 380 • 440 MHz band • 4W • 1000 memories • $ 180 new • Now just available

  23. DMR Mobile’s • Hytera – MD782G-U1 • MotoTrbo - XPR-5550 • 440 MHz band • 40W • 1000 channels • Color screen • $ 600 new • 440 MHz band • 45W • 1024 channels • Color screen • $ 530 new

  24. System Fusion HT’s • Yaesu - FT-2DR (new) • Yaesu – FT-1DR • Dual band • 5W • Automatic Mode Select • 900 memories • GPS & APRS • $300 new • Dual band • 5W • Automatic Mode Select • 1245 memories • GPS & APRS • Touch screen • $550 new

  25. System Fusion Mobile • Yaesu – FT-400DR • Yaesu – FT-100DR (new) • Dual band • 50W • Automatic Mode Select • 1000 memories • GPS & APRS • Color Touch screen • $600 new • Dual band • 50W • Automatic Mode Select • 1000 memories • GPS & APRS • $400 new

  26. Base Stations • ICOM – IC-7100 • Yaesu – FT-991 • HF + 6M – 100W • 2 & 70 cm – 50W • Color TFT display • Automatic antenna tuner • Automatic Mode Select • 1000 memories • GPS & APRS • $1,600 new • HF + 6M – 100W • 2M - 50W + 70 cm - 35W • 1600 memories • GPS • Touch screen • $1,100 new

  27. Other Digital Voice Suppliers • DV Dongle • Thumb DV • Northwest Digital Radio • D-STAR on your PC • Uses AMBE 3000 • Other modes? • $120 new • Internet Labs • D-STAR on your PC • $200 new

  28. Other Digital Voice Devices • DV Mega • DV Access Point • Guus van Dooren PE1PLM • Hotspot repeater • Dual band • $180 new • Internet Labs • Hotspot repeater • Single band • 2M $240 new70 cm $260 new

  29. Not near a D-STAR Repeater?Make your own – with this…

  30. Or this…

  31. Or This... DV4mini for D-Star, DMR, Fusion, APCO25, DPMR and other digital modes which are based on GMSK, 2FSK or 4FSK. $145, including antenna

  32. Raspberry Pi G4KLX GUI

  33. D-RATS

  34. Oklahoma System Fusion

  35. Oklahoma D-Star Repeaters

  36. For More Information • w5nor.org/information - This is our web site. • www.dstar101.com • www.dstarinfo.com • www.dstarusers.org • www.maryland-dstar.org - for Raspberry Pi enthusiasts • www.ncprn.net - Web site for our area DMR repeaters & code plugs. • www.dmr-marc.net • www.trbo.org • www.trinityos.com/HAM/Yaesu-System-Fusion/Yaesu-fusion-and-c4fm-v7.pdf - Talk given by David Ranch KI6ZHD at 2015 Bay-Net meeting. • arvideonews.com/hrn/ - Ham Radio Now – watch episodes 161 & 195 • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eOYio06rsuo – John Hays K7VE

  37. Questions?

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