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Enhancing Plant Disease Diagnostic Skills . . . …to build a stronger partnership between Specialists, Agents and Growers. P. Bachi and J. Beale, Diagnosticians J. Hartman, D. Hershman, W. Nesmith, and P. Vincelli, Extension Plant Pathologists Plant Pathology Department, University of Kentucky.
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Enhancing Plant Disease Diagnostic Skills . . . …to build a stronger partnership between Specialists, Agents and Growers P. Bachi and J. Beale, Diagnosticians J. Hartman, D. Hershman, W. Nesmith, and P. Vincelli, Extension Plant Pathologists Plant Pathology Department, University of Kentucky
Diagnosis is . . . Hypothesis-testing
Think of each diagnosis as a research project. • Examine samples and gather information • Formulate hypothesis • Test hypothesis • Accept or reject hypothesis based on results
Examine samples and gather information to formulate hypothesis.
Diagnostic Rule: “Do make the diagnosis fit the symptoms (evidence); Don’t make the symptoms (evidence) fit the diagnosis.”
Diagnostic Rule: “Correlation is not causation.” or “Just because it’s there now, doesn’t mean it caused the problem.”
R.E.Stall G. Kemmitt W. E. Fry
Diagnostic Rule: “Know when you know; know when you don’t know.” – Bill Nesmith
How can we work better as partners? • Specialists and Diagnosticians • Stay focused on the science • - Timely diagnosis and reporting • - New initiatives for greater efficiency • - Education vs. service?
How can we work better as partners? • County Extension Agents • Key in Detection • - “Eyes and ears” • - Critical link between local community • & lab/specialists • - Rapport with public
Diagnostic Initiatives for 2003 and Beyond - Real-time PCR - Digital Consulting System
Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) • The most important technique in molecular biology • Amplifies specific DNA sequence exponentially, by chain reaction
Real Time PCR • Learn results of PCR test in real time • As a diagnostic technology, it is remarkably: • Rapid • Sensitive • Specific
Anticipated Diagnostic Applications in the near term • Pierce’s disease of grape • Bacterial spot of pepper and tomato • Detection of pathogen species and race • Bacterial speck of tomato • Bacterial wilt of tomato and tobacco • Bacterial canker of tomato
Anticipated Diagnostic Applications in the near term (cont’d) • Bacterial wilt of cucurbits • Yellow vine decline of cucurbits • Verticillium wilt of woody ornamentals • Spring dead spot of bermudagrass