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UNDERSTANDING LANDSLIDES

UNDERSTANDING LANDSLIDES. Dr. Walter Hays, Global Alliance For Disaster Reduction . ESSENTIAL KNOWLEDGE FOR SOCIETAL SUSTAINABILITY. A FRAMEWORK FOR UNDERSTANDING THE IMPACTS OF LANDSLIDES ON PEOPLE AND THEIR COMMUNITIES. LANDSLIDES.

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UNDERSTANDING LANDSLIDES

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  1. UNDERSTANDING LANDSLIDES Dr. Walter Hays, Global Alliance For Disaster Reduction

  2. ESSENTIAL KNOWLEDGE FOR SOCIETAL SUSTAINABILITY A FRAMEWORK FOR UNDERSTANDING THE IMPACTS OF LANDSLIDES ON PEOPLE AND THEIR COMMUNITIES

  3. LANDSLIDES NATURAL PHENOMENA THAT OCCUR WITH OR WITHOUT HUMAN ACTIVITY

  4. FORCASTING FUTURE EVENTS • The goal is recording, processing, and interpreting geologic changes in time frames of seconds to weeks; i.e., “real- time geology.”

  5. FORCASTING FUTURE EVENTS • Predicting a large volume landslide is important for society, but it depends on long-term monitoring of individual slides.

  6. LANDSLIDES Falls, Topples, Slides, Spreads, Flows

  7. LANDSLIDE HAZARD • Landslides encompass all categories of gravity-related slope failures in Earth materials.

  8. SLOPES • Slopes are the most common landforms. • Although they appear stable and static, slopes are actually dynamic, evolving systems.

  9. SLOPES • Material is constantly moving on slopes at rates varying from imperceptible creep to thundering avalanches and rock falls moving at high velocities.

  10. LANDSLIDES • Gravity slope failures are triggered by earthquake ground shaking or excess precipitation • The slope does not need to be very steep for a landslide to occur.

  11. FORCASTING FUTURE EVENTS • To predict when an earthquake will occur is important for society, but it is not yet feasible because earthquake prediction isn’t.

  12. LAHAR • A lahar is a special “landslide” or mud flow induced by an explosive volcanic eruption.

  13. FORCASTING FUTURE EVENTS • Predicting when a volcano will erupt is important for society, but it depends on knowledge of each volcano’s eruption history.

  14. MOUNT RANIER • Mount Ranier has generated more than 60 lahars during the past 10,000 years. • Many of these occurred during periods of volcanic quiescence.

  15. MOUNT RANIER • Today, Mount Ranier continues to vent steam and convert its andesitic summit into clay. • A plan to evacuate 50,000 people has been developed.

  16. LANDSLIDE HAZARD: ALASKA • THE 1964 PRINCE WILLIAM SOUND EARTHQUAKE TRIGGERED A LARGE VOLUME LANDSLIDE AT TURNAGAIN HEIGHTS. • MILLIONS OF CUBIC METERS OF SOIL AND ROCK MOVED DOWN SLOPE.

  17. LANDSLIDE HAZARD: ALASKA • Slope failure was induced by ground shaking of “Quick Clay.”

  18. LANDSLIDE HAZARD: ECUADOR

  19. LANDSLIDE HAZARD: JAPAN

  20. LANDSLIDE HAZARD: WASHINGTON STATE

  21. LATERAL SPREADING: JAPAN

  22. LATERAL SPREAD: SAN FRANCISCO

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