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Organization Change and Development. Organizational Change and Development. What is it? Why change? Resistance to change Force field analysis. OD Defined. OD = shorthand for “Organization Change and Development”. OD is an effort… Planned Organization-wide Managed from the top, in order
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Organization Change and Development Organization Change and Development
Organizational Change and Development • What is it? • Why change? • Resistance to change • Force field analysis Organization Change and Development
OD Defined OD = shorthand for “Organization Change and Development” • OD is an effort… • Planned • Organization-wide • Managed from the top, in order • To increase organizational effectiveness, through • Planned interventions in organizational processes, using behavioral-science knowledge Organization Change and Development
The Change Process Forces for change Management recognition of need for change Diagnosis of problem and points of resistance Evaluation Selection of methods & implementation Consideration of alternatives Organization Change and Development
Global Events Workforce Competition The Economy Forces Driving Change: Internal and External Technology Social Trends Organization Change and Development
Desirable Accept change as inevitable Proactive Not Desirable Feel threatened by change Reactive Attitude Toward Change Organization Change and Development
Structure Physical Setting Culture Technology People Objects of Change Organization Change and Development
Resistance to Change - Individual Group Inertia Selective Information Processing Force of Habit Individual Need for Security Fear of the Unknown Economic Factors Organization Change and Development
Group Inertia Threat to Existing Relationships Structural Inertia Organizational Threat to Existing Allocations Limited Focus of Change Threat to Expertise Resistance to Change - Group Organization Change and Development
Overcoming Resistance • Education and communication • Negotiation • Communication • Facilitation and support • Coercion • Manipulation and cooptation Organization Change and Development
Organizational Change Changing Refreezing Unfreezing Lewin’s Three-Step Process Organization Change and Development
Unfreezing the Status Quo Driving Forces Desired State Restraining Forces Status Quo Time Organization Change and Development
OD Tools and Interventions • Survey and survey feedback • Team building • Diversity training • Leadership development • Organization restructuring • Job redesign • Adoption of new technologies Organization Change and Development
Change and Culture • Is change possible? • How long will it take? • Does culture influence resistance? • Does culture influence implementation? • Does culture influence idea champions? Organization Change and Development