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Patterns of Evolution

Patterns of Evolution. Patterns in Evolution. Natural selection leads to many predictable outcomes On a grander scale, these predictable outcomes produce recognizable patterns in evolution. Divergent Evolution Convergent Evolution Coevolution. Divergent Evolution.

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Patterns of Evolution

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  1. Patterns of Evolution

  2. Patterns in Evolution • Natural selection leads to many predictable outcomes • On a grander scale, these predictable outcomes produce recognizable patterns in evolution Divergent Evolution Convergent Evolution Coevolution

  3. Divergent Evolution • Divergent evolution is alsocalled adaptive radiation • A common ancestor gives rise to many different species that each fill a different ecological niche. • Niche: All factors related to the role of an organism in the environment (predators, prey, habitat, nocturnal/diurnal, etc)

  4. Divergent Evolution (cont) • Examples: • Ontario rodents • Galapagos finches

  5. Convergent Evolution • Different species that do not share a recent common ancestor have evolved similar traits because they experience the same selective pressures (analogous features) Ex. 1 Eyes of spiders and humans Ex. 2 Streamlined body shape of sharks and dolphins

  6. Coevolution • Two species evolve simultaneously when the survival of one species is influenced by the other • Examples: • Predator-Prey: “evolutionary arms race” • Flowering plants and pollinators • Species that rely on mimicry for survival will continue to evolve if the species they mimic changes

  7. Video • Evolutionary arms race between snakes and newts • http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/evolution/library/01/3/l_013_07.html

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